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Early Challenges

The early years of the United States were marked by significant challenges, such as the Whiskey Rebellion instigated by Hamilton’s taxes. Farmers revolted against a tax on their homemade whiskey, leading to peaceful protests initially, but escalating violence prompted President Washington to send troops to restore order. Additionally, struggles over western land involved conflicts with Native Americans, British support for them, and Washington’s military campaigns. The foreign policy was complicated by the French Revolution, forcing Washington to proclaim neutrality and negotiate key treaties with Britain and Spain to maintain peace.

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Early Challenges

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  1. Early Challenges 8.2

  2. The Whiskey Rebellion • Hamilton’s taxes lead to problems • Farmers who made their own whiskey did not want to pay a tax • The protest was peaceful at 1st • When it got violent Washington sent troops to bring peace • It was stopped without violence • Showed that the government would use force to maintain order

  3. Struggle Over the West • Europeans wanted influence in the west • Especially the British who wanted to continue the fur trade and kept forts • Native Americans denied the U.S. had any authority over them • Often asked the British and Spanish for help against us • The British urged the N.A. to destroy American settlements west of the Appalachians

  4. Struggle Over the West • Washington sent an army to restore order,but was defeated by the Miami • Late Washington sent a larger force, eliminating the hopes of the N.A. • The Treaty of Greenville had the N.A. give up most of the territory of Ohio

  5. Problems with Europe • The French Revolution begins shortly after Washington is inaugurated • Many Americans agreed with the ideas of the French Revolution • By 1793 it had turned bloody, no regard for religion or personal liberty • It lead to war between France & Britain • This divided Americans some were • Anglophiles – pro-British • Francophiles – pro-French • Washington wants to remain neutral

  6. Washington Proclaims Neutrality • The French send Genêt to encourage Americans to attack British • The Proclamation of Neutrality barred all American from fighting in the war and Br. And Fr. War ships from our ports • The British were still mad that we traded with the French and impressed our soldiers

  7. A Controversial Treaty • Washington sends John Jay to negotiate with the British to avoid war • Jay’s Treaty does the following: • The Br. Agree to leave American soil • Pay for damages to ships • Some american trade with Br. Colonies in the Caribbean • Settle American Revolutionary War debts • It did not: • Stop impressment • Address British interference with American trade

  8. Treaty with Spain • When the Spanish realized the Amer. and Br. Could work together they wer willing to have a treaty • Thomas Pinckney’s treaty (1795) gave Americans access to the Mississippi River and the right to trade in New Orleans

  9. Washington’s Farewell • After 2 terms Washington retired to Mt. Vernon • In his speech he encouraged America to stay out of European affairs and to avoid political parties • His speech is read every year on his birthday 2/22

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