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CASES (Kasus)

CASES (Kasus). Sorry, you can’t avoid them in German. So, let’s try to understand them one last time. What is a case?. A case is how a noun, noun phrase, or pronoun is used in a sentence. Which of the following are not nouns or pronouns?.

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CASES (Kasus)

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  1. CASES(Kasus) Sorry, you can’t avoid them in German. So, let’s try to understand them one last time.

  2. What is a case? • A case is how a noun, noun phrase, or pronoun is used in a sentence. • Which of the following are not nouns or pronouns? fingernail, paper, you, us, swam, yesterday, snow, how, swimsuit, him Hopefully you chose “swam”, “yesterday”, & “how”.

  3. There are 4 cases in German: Nominative, Accusative, Dative, and Genitive Nominative: the subject of the sentence ( it DOES the verb) Accusative: the direct object or object of an Acc. preposition Dative: the indirect object (“to”/ “for”) or an object of a Dat. preposition

  4. …and the last case? • Genitive Genitive case is used to show possession.—”of” Examples: mysister’sboyfriend: Der FreundmeinerSchwester. theparrot’sfood: Das FutterdesPapageis Notice the color coding correspondence.

  5. Genitive is sometimes used with these prepositions: • trotz: “despite”; “in spite of” • statt/ anstatt: “instead of” • während: “during”

  6. What happens to the articles in each case? Masc. Fem. Neuter Plural Nom Acc Dat Gen These are endings found on “the” and other “determiners” (like “each”, “which”, “this/that/these/those”.)

  7. …and what happens with other articles? Masc. Fem. Neut. Plur. Nom Acc Dat Gen These endings go on “ein-” (a, an one), “kein-” (not any), and possessive articles (like my, your, his…)

  8. If you compare the last two charts, which boxes have different endings? Yes, only those three. Otherwise, the two charts are the same.

  9. How good is your memory? • What is a case in German? • What is affected by a case? • What are the four cases? • What is the purpose of each? • How does knowing the case affect how you write and say the words?

  10. What if you wanted to use pronouns instead of noun phrases? Original: My neighbor gave my brothers Steeler tickets. New: She gave themto them. The pronouns must reflect the case and gender of the intended nouns. So, if “My neighbor” is nominative feminine, the replacement “she” must also be nominative feminine. And if “my brothers” are dative plural, the replacement “to them” must also be dative plural.

  11. PERSONAL PRONOUNS NOMACCDAT ich du er sie es wir ihr sie Sie I you (fam.) he, it she, it it we you (fam. pl) they you (form) mich dich ihn sie es uns euch sie Sie me you him, it she, it it us you all them you mir dir ihm ihr ihm uns euch ihnen Ihnen to/for me to/for you to/for him, it to /for her, it to it to us to you to them to you

  12. 1. Pick a noun phrase in this sentence : Seine GeschwisterkaufenderMuttieinenneuen Laptop. You could have chosen: “Seine Geschwister” “derMutti” or “einenneuen Laptop” 2. Based on it’s gender and case, replace it with a pronoun and rewrite the sentence. Your new sentence would be one of the following: SiekaufenderMuttieinenneuen Laptop. Seine Geschwisterkaufenihreinenneuen Laptop. Seine GeschwisterkaufenihnderMutti.

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