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三、沉淀 - 溶解平衡 3.1 溶度积与溶解度

三、沉淀 - 溶解平衡 3.1 溶度积与溶解度. 一、溶度积和溶解度 1 、溶度积常数 根据溶解度大小分类物质 严格来说,在水中绝对不溶的物质是没有的。 难溶物质 通常把溶解度小于 0.01g/100g 的物质; 微溶物质 溶解度在 0.01 ~ 0.1g/100g 之间的物质; 易溶物质 溶解度较大者。. →. ←.

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三、沉淀 - 溶解平衡 3.1 溶度积与溶解度

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  1. 三、沉淀-溶解平衡3.1溶度积与溶解度 一、溶度积和溶解度 1、溶度积常数 根据溶解度大小分类物质 严格来说,在水中绝对不溶的物质是没有的。 难溶物质 通常把溶解度小于0.01g/100g 的物质; 微溶物质 溶解度在0.01~0.1g/100g 之间的物质; 易溶物质 溶解度较大者。

  2. ← 难溶强电解质在水中的行为难溶强电解质例如BaSO4在水中虽然难溶,还会有一定数量的Ba2+和SO42-又有可能回到BaSO4晶体和溶液相应的离子之间达到动态的多相离子平衡,简称为溶解平衡。溶解平衡的平衡常数-溶度积常数(溶度积)BaSO4(s)溶解平衡的平衡常数表达式为:BaSO4(s) Ba2+ + SO42-Kspθ =a(Ba2+)a(SO42-)Kspθ =[Ba2+][SO42-]

  3. AmBn(s) mAn+ + nBm- • 溶解平衡常数表达式为:Kspθ (AmBn)=[ An+]m ·[Bm-] n • 此溶解平衡常数称为溶度积常数(简称溶度积)。 • 溶度积表达式的含义:在一定温度下,难溶电解质的饱和溶液中,各组分离子浓度幂的乘积为一常数。 • ⑵ 溶度积与溶解度的关系

  4. 3.2沉淀-溶解平衡移动 • 3.2沉淀-溶解平衡移动 • 沉淀的生成 • 沉淀的溶解 • 分布沉淀 • 沉淀的转化

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