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Hazardous Materials Incidents by Chris Hawley

Hazardous Materials Incidents by Chris Hawley. CHAPTER 2: Recognition and Identification. Chapter 2: Overview. Introduction Location and occupancy Placards, labels, and markings Other identification systems Containers Use of senses Chemical and physical properties Summary.

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Hazardous Materials Incidents by Chris Hawley

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  1. Hazardous Materials Incidentsby Chris Hawley CHAPTER 2: Recognition and Identification

  2. Chapter 2: Overview • Introduction • Location and occupancy • Placards, labels, and markings • Other identification systems • Containers • Use of senses • Chemical and physical properties • Summary

  3. HAZMAT Clues (1 of 2) • It is through recognition and identification (R & I) that you can impact your ability to stay alive.

  4. HAZMAT Clues (2 of 2) • Location and occupancy • Placards, labels, and markings • Container types • Senses

  5. Location and Occupancy • The size of the community does not impact the potential for hazardous materials; every community has hazardous materials • Major transportation corridors • Buildings that store chemicals

  6. Hardware stores, hospitals Auto part supply stores Dry cleaners Manufacturing facilities Print shops Doctors’ offices Photo labs Agricultural supply stores Semi-conductor manufacturing facilities Electronic manufacturing Light to heavy industrial Marine terminals Rail yards Airport terminals and fueling areas Pool chemical stores Paint stores Hotels Swimming pools Food manufacturing Many others Some Examples

  7. Placards, Labels, and Markings • The Department of Transportation (DOT) regulates the movement of hazardous materials (dangerous goods in Canada) by air, rail, water, roadway, and pipeline which can be located in 49 CFR 170-180.

  8. DOT Placarding (1 of 2) • Table 1 placards • Require placarding at any amount • Table 2 placards • Require placarding at 1,001 pounds

  9. DOT Placarding (2 of 2)

  10. DOT Hazard Classes (1 of 2) • DOT has established 9 hazard classes. • Classes 1-8 are specific. • Class 9 is a miscellaneous category. • Some classes have subdivisions.

  11. DOT Hazard Classes (2 of 2) • Class 1: Explosives • Class 2: Gases • Class 3: Flammable liquids • Class 4: Oxidizers and organic peroxides • Class 5: Flammable solids, water reactives, and spontaneously reactive • Class 6: Poisons • Class 7: Radioactives • Class 8: Corrosives • Class 9: Miscellaneous hazards

  12. Placards • Fixed on the four sides of a vehicle • 10 ¾ by 10 ¾ inches • Provide warning by: • Color • Division number • Name or UN number • Picture

  13. Labels • Used on two sides of shipping packages • Affixed near shipping name • 3.9 x 3.9 inches in size • Smaller versions of the placards • Required for most hazardous materials packages

  14. Class 1: Explosives • Division 1.1 – Mass explosion hazard • Division 1.2 - Projectile hazard • Division 1.3 - Fire hazard or minor blast hazard • Division 1.4 – Minor explosion hazard • Division 1.5 – Very insensitive explosives • Division 1.6 –Also very insensitive explosives

  15. Explosives and Fires • Extremely dangerous • Withdrawing usually best option • Consult DOT ERG • 1988 Kansas City, MO, lost six firefighters to a fire involving explosives.

  16. Packing Groups • Some materials may not be shipped with others. • They have established packing groups. • Packing group I – greatest danger • Packing group 2 – medium danger • Packing group 3 – minor danger • DOT rules state which materials can be shipped with the various packing groups.

  17. Class 2: Gases (1 of 2) • Division 2.1 – Flammable gases • Division 2.2 – Non-flammable, non-poisonous, and compressed gas • Liquefied gas • Pressurized cryogenic gas • Compressed gas in solution • Division 2.3 – Poisonous gases

  18. Class 2: Gases (2 of 2)

  19. Hazard Zones • DOT has established hazard zones that signify the amount of toxicity a particular material may present. • Hazard zones are listed as A-D. • A material listed with “Hazard zone A” is extremely toxic and presents significant inhalation risk. • Hazard zone D is also severely toxic, but not as toxic as “A.”

  20. Class 3: Flammable Liquids (1 of 2) • Flammable liquids are those that have flash points below 141º F. • Combustible liquids are those that have flash points above 141º F.

  21. Class 3: Flammable Liquids (2 of 2)

  22. Class 4: Flammable Solids (1 of 2) • Division 4.1 – Flammable solids • Division 4.2 – Spontaneously combustible materials • Division 4.3 – Dangerous when wet materials

  23. Class 4: Flammable Solids (2 of 2)

  24. Class 5 Oxidizers and Organic Peroxides • Division 5.1 - Oxidizers • Division 5.2 - Organic peroxides

  25. Oxidizers

  26. Organic Peroxides • Ability to polymerize • May be violently reactive or explosive • May violently rupture container, if contained • Sensitive to shock, heat, or contamination

  27. Organic Peroxides

  28. Class 6: Poisons (1 of 2) • Division 6.1 – Materials that present a risk to humans during transportation • Division 6.2 – Microorganisms, or their toxins, that can cause disease • Has two hazard zones

  29. Class 6: Poisons (2 of 2)

  30. Class 7: Radioactive (1 of 2) • There are no sub-divisions for radioactives. • There are three labels. • Radioactive I • Radioactive II • Radioactive III

  31. Class 7: Radioactive (2 of 2)

  32. Class 8: Corrosives (1 of 2) • Includes acids and bases • Capable of causing destruction to humans and metal

  33. Class 8: Corrosives (2 of 2)

  34. Class 9: Miscellaneous (1 of 2) • Present hazard not listed in previous classes • Dry ice • Molten sulfur • Hazardous waste

  35. Class 9: Miscellaneous (2 of 2)

  36. Dangerous Placard (1 of 2) • Placard means mixed load is being carried. • Load consists of two materials that would require placarding. • More than 2, 205 lbs. requires dangerous placard and specific hazard placard.

  37. Dangerous Placard (2 of 2)

  38. Specific Name Placards

  39. Primary Placards • Provides primary hazard and subsidiary hazard. • Subsidiary hazard does not have class/division number. • Subsidiary placard is below primary hazard.

  40. Placard and Identification Numbers • ID number indicates a bulk shipment. • More than 119 gallons in one container

  41. Other Placards and Labels (1 of 3)

  42. Other Placards and Labels (2 of 3)

  43. Other Placards and Labels (3 of 3)

  44. White Squared Placard

  45. Labels • Display primary hazard of the package • May display subsidiary hazard

  46. Facility Markings: NFPA 704 • Four-tiered system • Health • Fire • Reactivity • Special hazards • Numerical rating system 0-4

  47. Ratings • 4 – Severe hazard • 3 – Serious hazard • 2 – Moderate hazard • 1 – Slight hazard • 0 – Minimal hazard

  48. Hazardous Materials Information System (HMIS) • On containers • Used by employers to comply with hazard communication regulation

  49. Military Warning System

  50. Pipeline Marking System • Pipeline contents • Pipeline owner • Emergency contact information

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