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Fig. 33-1

Fig. 33-1. Calcarea and Silicea. Fig. 33-2. ANCESTRAL PROTIST. Cnidaria. Lophotrochozoa. Common ancestor of all animals. Eumetazoa. Ecdysozoa. Bilateria. Deuterostomia. Placozoa (1 species). Calcarea and Silicea (5,500 species). 0.5 mm. A sponge. Cnidaria (10,000 species).

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Fig. 33-1

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  1. Fig. 33-1

  2. Calcarea and Silicea Fig. 33-2 ANCESTRAL PROTIST Cnidaria Lophotrochozoa Common ancestor of all animals Eumetazoa Ecdysozoa Bilateria Deuterostomia

  3. Placozoa (1 species) Calcarea and Silicea (5,500 species) 0.5 mm A sponge Cnidaria (10,000 species) A placozoan (LM) Ctenophora (100 species) Fig. 33-3-1 A jelly Acoela (400 species) A ctenophore, or comb jelly 1.5 mm Acoel flatworms (LM) LOPHOTROCHOZOANS Rotifera (1,800 species) Platyhelminthes (20,000 species) A marine flatworm A rotifer (LM) Ectoprocta (4,500 species) Brachiopoda (335 species) Ectoprocts A brachiopod

  4. Cycliophora (1 species) Acanthocephala (1,100 species) 100 µm An acanthocephalan (LM) A cycliophoran (colorized SEM) Fig. 33-3-2 Nemertea (900 species) Mollusca (93,000 species) An octopus Annelida (16,500 species) A ribbon worm A marine annelid ECDYSOZOA Loricifera (10 species) Priapula (16 species) 50 µm A loriciferan (LM) A priapulan

  5. Tardigrada (800 species) Onychophora (110 species) 100 µm Tardigrades (colorized SEM) An onychophoran Fig. 33-3-3 Nematoda (25,000 species) Arthropoda (1,000,000 species) A roundworm A scorpion (an arachnid) DEUTEROSTOMIA Hemichordata (85 species) An acorn worm Echinodermata (7,000 species) Chordata (52,000 species) A sea urchin A tunicate

  6. Food particles in mucus Flagellum Choanocyte Collar Choanocyte Osculum Fig. 33-4 Azure vase sponge (Callyspongia plicifera) Spongocoel Phagocytosis of food particles Amoebocyte Pore Spicules Epidermis Water flow Amoebocytes Mesohyl

  7. Mouth/anus Tentacle Polyp Medusa Gastrovascular cavity Fig. 33-5 Gastrodermis Mesoglea Body stalk Epidermis Tentacle Mouth/anus

  8. Tentacle Cuticle of prey Fig. 33-6 Thread Nematocyst “Trigger” Thread discharges Thread (coiled) Cnidocyte

  9. Fig. 33-7 (d) Sea anemone (class Anthozoa) (b) Jellies (class Scyphozoa) (c) Sea wasp (class Cubozoa) (a) Colonial polyps (class Hydrozoa)

  10. Table 33-1

  11. Fig. 33-9

  12. Pharynx Gastrovascular cavity Fig. 33-10 Mouth Eyespots Ganglia Ventral nerve cords

  13. Table 33-2

  14. Male Female Human host Fig. 33-11 1 mm Motile larva Ciliated larva Snail host

  15. 200 µm Fig. 33-12 Proglottids with reproductive structures Hooks Sucker Scolex

  16. Cuticle Septum (partition between segments) Epidermis Coelom Circular muscle Metanephridium Longitudinal muscle Anus Dorsal vessel Fig. 33-22 Chaetae Intestine Fused nerve cords Ventral vessel Nephrostome Metanephridium Clitellum Esophagus Crop Pharynx Giant Australian earthworm Intestine Gizzard Cerebral ganglia Mouth Ventral nerve cord with segmental ganglia Subpharyngeal ganglion Blood vessels

  17. Fig. 33-23 Parapodia

  18. Fig. 33-24

  19. Nephridium Heart Visceral mass Coelom Intestine Gonads Fig. 33-15 Mantle Stomach Mantle cavity Mouth Shell Radula Anus Gill Radula Mouth Nerve cords Esophagus Foot

  20. Table 33-3

  21. Fig. 33-16

  22. Fig. 33-17 (a) A land snail (b) A sea slug

  23. Intestine Mantle cavity Stomach Anus Fig. 33-18 Mouth

  24. Fig. 33-19

  25. Coelom Hinge area Mantle Gut Heart Adductor muscle Digestive gland Anus Mouth Fig. 33-20 Excurrent siphon Shell Water flow Palp Foot Incurrent siphon Mantle cavity Gonad Gill

  26. Octopus Squid Fig. 33-21 Chambered nautilus

  27. Cephalothorax Abdomen Antennae (sensory reception) Thorax Head Fig. 33-29 Swimming appendages (one pair located under each abdominal segment) Walking legs Pincer (defense) Mouthparts (feeding)

  28. Table 33-5

  29. Fig. 33-27

  30. Fig. 33-30

  31. 50 µm Scorpion Fig. 33-31 Dust mite Web-building spider

  32. Abdomen Thorax Head Compound eye Antennae Fig. 33-35 Heart Cerebral ganglion Dorsal artery Crop Anus Vagina Malpighian tubules Ovary Tracheal tubes Mouthparts Nerve cords

  33. Fig. 33-37

  34. Fig. 33-38 (a) Ghost crab (b) Krill (c) Barnacles

  35. Stomach Anus Spine Gills Central disk Fig. 33-39 Digestive glands Madreporite Radial nerve Gonads Ring canal Ampulla Podium Radial canal Tube feet

  36. (a) A sea star (class Asteroidea) (b) A brittle star (class Ophiuroidea) Fig. 33-40 (c) A sea urchin (class Echinoidea) (d) A feather star (class Crinoidea) (f) A sea daisy (class Concentricycloidea) (e) A sea cucumber (class Holothuroidea)

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