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Su Erskine (HEARD) & Dan Wilson (EduAction) Funded by: Rockefeller Brothers

A Spatial Framework for the Management & Support to Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) in KwaZulu-Natal. “The care and protection of children is a practice and ethic rooted deep in the wisdom and culture of all societies” ~ James Grant. Su Erskine (HEARD) & Dan Wilson (EduAction)

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Su Erskine (HEARD) & Dan Wilson (EduAction) Funded by: Rockefeller Brothers

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  1. A Spatial Framework for the Management & Support to Orphans and Vulnerable Children (OVC) in KwaZulu-Natal “The care and protection of children is a practice and ethic rooted deep in the wisdom and culture of all societies” ~ James Grant Su Erskine (HEARD) & Dan Wilson (EduAction) Funded by: Rockefeller Brothers

  2. Presentation Outline • Introduction to the project • Explanation of the appropriateness & use of GIS • Mapping vulnerability - defining the extent of OVC in KZN • Support to OVC – support services database • Tools for stakeholders

  3. Project background • Quantifiable data about OVC • Where are they located? • Who is providing the children with services? • Community & non-government organisations • Public sector services • Where are the gaps? • Creating a management tool • Visualising the spatial distribution of OVC • Assessing the service-demand relationship • Provide a rational basis for targeting additional support

  4. Why GIS? • Capacity to hold and interrelate large sets of spatial data e.g. factors affecting vulnerability factors affecting availability of services • Ability to geolocate persons that are in need of services and to develop indicators that help in decision making • Children need to be assisted in situ

  5. Settlement Patterns Road Infrastructure Access to Water Security Schools Health Facilities Arrangements, relations and display

  6. Composite layers of data

  7. Defining & geolocating OVC in KZN • The concept of ‘vulnerability’ has many dimensions • The distribution of OVC is correlated with patterns of poverty and socio-economic deprivation • A key factor affecting vulnerability is the availability & effectiveness of local support networks & the ability of OVC to tap into these

  8. Indicators of Vulnerability? • Stakeholder meeting held with organisations working directly with OVC • No universal definition or consensus on OVC: • Circumstances differ • Spatial context affects vulnerability – rural/urban/developed/less developed • HIV/AIDS creates increasing poverty, stigmatisation and discrimination and therefore increases vulnerability • Interrogated Census data as a means of identifying factors that may impact on vulnerability

  9. Potential Indicators 1

  10. Potential Indicators 2

  11. Differing spatialscalesLevels at which data is available for KwaZulu-Natal in the 2001 Census

  12. Potential Vulnerability FactorsPercentage of children (below age 15) who responded ‘No’ to the question ‘Is your mother alive?’ in the 2001 Census at MunicipalityLevel

  13. Potential Vulnerability FactorsPercentage households within each Municipality that have ‘insecure’ tenure status – (Rented Accommodation or Occupied rent-free)

  14. Potential Vulnerability FactorsPercentage households within Ethekwini Municipality that have Flush Toilets – Placename level

  15. Dependency Ratios Source: 2001 Census

  16. Indicators • The demand for OVC services should be directly related to factors that cause vulnerability (e.g. infant mortality rates, HIV/AIDS prevalence). • Indicators should be investigated for areas where vulnerability is well known - the correlation can be determined and extrapolated to other areas as a more accurate method of estimating demand

  17. Identify & geolocate organisations working/ supporting OVC Public sector organisations • Data obtained from provincial departments • Department of Education • Department of Health • Department of Social Development

  18. State Health Service Provision Source: EduAction

  19. State Social service delivery Source: EduAction

  20. Define, identify & geolocate organisations working/ supporting OVC • Non-state service providers • Existing databases used as springboard • Building from contacts made • General knowledge, networking, newspapers etc • Technique known as geocoding used to position OVC projects

  21. Services provided to OVC cont. • Non-state or private services

  22. Project types

  23. OVC support agencies: distribution

  24. Feeding Schemes

  25. Vulnerability viz distance from Government services Within 10kms of a Magistrate’s Court Access to Health Facilities Within 10kms of a Welfare Facility Population aged 0 to 4 Maps created in conjunction with GeoData Institute Define & weight vulnerability parcels

  26. Vulnerability and distance from NGO services Map created in conjunction with GeoData Institute

  27. Tools for stakeholders • Appropriate modes of delivery – web, CD, paper etc • Information gate keeping – need for a non-aligned govn dept to champion • Multicriteria analysis

  28. Tools for stakeholders: Multicriteria Analysis Examples provided by GeoData Institute

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