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Brainstorm some problems that the United States could have faced after WWII

This article explores the domestic issues faced by the United States after World War II, including demobilization of troops, G.I. Bill, labor disputes, Truman's domestic policy, the establishment of the United Nations, the origins of the Cold War, the Berlin Blockade, the Marshall Plan, and the Korea War. It also touches upon limitations on civil rights during the era.

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Brainstorm some problems that the United States could have faced after WWII

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  1. Brainstorm some problems that the United States could have faced after WWII

  2. United States under Truman

  3. Domestic Issues • Demobilization of troops • What do you do with 12 million men returning from war? • G.I. Bill • Gave money for college education, med. Treatment and home loans • Employment Act of 1946 • Full employment a national goal • Labor vs. Owners • Taft-Hartley Act • 80 day cooling off period • Prohibited workers from joining a union before being hired • Workers could take a job and not join a union • Unions can’t contribute to political campaigns • Union leaders had to swear they weren’t communists • Truman calls this a “SLAVE LABOR BILL”

  4. Domestic Issues con’t • Truman creates the CIA, NSC and Department of Defense • Baby Boom • Number of young marriages and child births increase dramatically after WWII

  5. Election of 1948 • Many voters became upset with Truman’s union stance, civil rights legislation and the Cold War • Truman polls one of the biggest upsets and defeats Gov. Dewey http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d2WA93SCfsI

  6. Fair Deal 1949,Truman tries to enlarge New Deal programs by launching ambitious reform program proposing the following: • Increase in minimum wage, Health insurance, aid to edu., civil rights leg., and funds for public housing • Conservatives blocked most reforms except for min. wage increase and inclusion of more workers for Soc. Sec.

  7. Review • What was Truman's Domestic Policy called? • What was 1 thing he pushed for that was not passed? • What was the biggest problem (domestically) the US had to face after WWII? • How did the US reward soldiers returning home from WWII? • What was the name of the Bill that hurt labor unions? • What world governing body was established after WWII? • What do the 5 permanent members of the security council have in common? • What was the name of the trial that prosecuted former NAZI leaders for war crimes?

  8. Origins of the Cold War

  9. United Nations • International peacekeeping organization • UN includes a General Assembly and a Security Council • GA serves as a forum for world leaders to speak on a variety of concerns • Five permanent members are the United States, Russia, Great Britain, France and China

  10. Nuremburg trials • The Nuremberg Trials were a series of military tribunals, held by the main victorious Allied forces of World War II • tried 24 of the most important captured leaders of Nazi Germany • The Nuremberg trials had a great influence on the development of international criminal law http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xcudlm6tPa0

  11. “Iron Curtain Speech • Given by Winston Churchill in Missouri • Marked as the beginning of the Cold War http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jvax5VUvjWQ

  12. Russia needed buffer states US views acts as a flagrant violation of self determination (Yalta Conference) Stalin’s Free elections

  13. Germany dismantled • US, GB, France, USSR all occupy a zone to rebuild • Soviets wanted a weak Germany for economic and national security reasons • Berlin represents the first “Hot Spot” of the Cold War • Berlin Airlift

  14. Beginning of the Cold War Berlin Blockade • U.S., France, Great Britain and U.S.S.R. were in charge of dividing and rebuilding Germany and Berlin after WWII. • Soviets broke away and created East Germany • Berlin Blockade • Soviets refuse to allow U.S. access to their zone in Berlin • Berlin airlift • U.S. forced to fly supplies into their zone for almost a year until the Soviets remove the blockade

  15. Marshall Plan • General George C. Marshall (secretary of state) announced an economic aid policy • U.S. was against poverty, desperation and chaos • Between 1948 and 1952 the U.S. gave $13 billion in economic aid to any country that asked for it

  16. NSC-68 Recommendation that outlined key steps the US had to take in order to win the Cold War • 4x US government defense spending • Form alliances • Convince Americans that arms build up was necessary for survival

  17. China • US loses China in 1949

  18. Containment/Truman Doctrine American foreign policy after WWII was influenced by two factors • Willingness to keep world peace • PREVENT THE SPREAD OF COMMUNISM!!! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmQD_W8Pcxg

  19. Korea War • North invades South in 1950 • Truman requests UN to send troops to protect South Korea (“police action”) • Truman fires MacArthur • Armistace signed in 1953 reinstates the 38th parallel

  20. North Atlantic Treaty Organization April 1949 11 countries sign an alliance system for democratic countries 1949 Truman announces that the Soviets exploded a nuclear bomb 7 countries sign an alliance system for communist countries NATO Warsaw Pact

  21. Cold War Hits home

  22. Limitations of Civil Rights • HUAC A. Created to seek out Nazis b. Tried to seek out Boy Scout, Hollywood members, etc. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LfKSykTPzA4

  23. CASES HISS Case • Nixon convicts State Department official of perjury Rosenberg Case • Julius and Ethel Rosenberg were convicted and executed for conspiracy to give atomic bomb secrets

  24. Joseph McCarthy • 205 communists working for the State Department • Even went after former Sec. of State George Marshall • Downfall comes in 1954 during the Army-McCarthy hearings http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PTwDUpbQHJg

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