Plant Tissues and Organs

1. Plant Tissues and Organs

2. Fig. 38.6

3. Fig. 38.4

4. Figure 35.21  Modular construction of a shoot

5. Basic Plant Morphology • TISSUES- a group of cells functioning together in some specialized activity • MERISTEMS- a mass of self-perpetuating cells, which are not yet committed to developing into a specialized cell type • Terminal meristems- ends of stems, branches and roots • Axillary meristems- base of leaves, branches • Lateral meristems are parallel to sides of plant parts and increase girth.

6. Meristem types • Primary • Apical Meristems • Secondary • Vascular cambium • Cork Cambium

7. Flowering plants have 3 basic tissue types • Dermal • Cover surface of plant • Protection • Ground • Vascular • Conducting tissue

8. Dermal • Epidermis • epidermal cells • Periderm • cork cells

9. Fig. 38.12a

10. Fig. 38.12b

11. Fig. 38.12c

12. Vascular Tissue • Xylem • Mostly to conduct water and nutrients • E.g., roots to shoots • Phloem • Mostly to conduct sugars, amino acids, etc. • E.g., leaves to roots or flowers

13. Fig. 38.13a

14. Fig. 4.6

15. Fig. 4.9

16. Fig. 38.13b

17. Fig. 38.14a

18. Fig. 38.14b

19. Vegetative Organs • Roots • Stems • Leaves

20. Function of roots • Anchor the plant • Absorb water and minerals from soil • Storage

21. Longitudinal section of roots • Root cap • Zone of cell division • Zone of cell elongation • Zone of maturation

22. Cross section of root • Vascular bundle (Stele) = contains xylem and phloem • Cortex • Epidermis • Root hairs • Absorb water and minerals

23. Fig. 38.15

24. Fig. 38.21

25. Function of Stems • support leaves to maximize light absorption • part of conduit for transport of water, minerals, and organic solutes • storage

26. Fig. 38.25a

27. Fig. 38.25b

28. Woody dicots • Discrete vascular bundles replaced by continuous rings of xylem • Each ring is xylem produced during one growing season • Vascular cambium

29. Fig. 38.7a

30. Fig. 38.7b

31. Stems: Secondary growth • Vascular tissue, (xylem) makes up the bulk of the stem • Form tree rings

32. Fig. 38.23

33. Fig. 38.28a

34. Fig. 38.28b

35. Fig. 38.28c

36. Function of leaves • Main photosynthetic structure

37. Leaf parts • Blade • Petiole • Pair of stipules

38. Fig. 38.34

39. Fig. 38.8

40. Fig. 38.33

41. Fig. 38.30

42. Fig. 38.35

43. Fig. 39.1

44. Fig. 39.5

45. Figure 35.8a  Modified leaves: Tendrils of pea plant

46. Figure 35.8b  Modified leaves: Cacti spines

47. Figure 35.8c  Modified leaves: Succulent leaves for storing water

48. Figure 35.8d  Modified leaves: Brightly-colored leaves to attract pollinators

49. Figure 35.x1 Lithops

50. Comparison of monocots & dicots • Monocotyledon • grasses • lilies, tulips • trees: palm • dicotyledon • roses, asters • grapes, beans • trees: oak, maple,