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外用乾癬治療的介紹

外用乾癬治療的介紹. Physical Pathology of Psoriasis. Normal Skin. 角質層. 表皮 Epidermis 真皮 Dermis 皮下組織 Subcutaneous tissue. 表皮. 微血管. 神經末稍. 真皮. 皮下脂肪. Physical Pathology of Psoriasis. 乾癬的病理原因. Keratinocyte Hyperproliferation 角質細胞過度增生

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外用乾癬治療的介紹

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  1. 外用乾癬治療的介紹

  2. Physical Pathology of Psoriasis Normal Skin 角質層 • 表皮 Epidermis • 真皮 Dermis • 皮下組織 Subcutaneous tissue 表皮 微血管 神經末稍 真皮 皮下脂肪

  3. Physical Pathology of Psoriasis

  4. 乾癬的病理原因 • Keratinocyte Hyperproliferation 角質細胞過度增生 • Keratinocyte Differentiation 角質細胞變異 • Infiltration of inflammatory components into skin 發炎組織物滲入皮膚

  5. 乾癬的病理機轉

  6. Characteristics of Psoriasis • 強烈的遺傳傾向 • 未預期的發生 • 從輕微到很嚴重都有 • 表皮出現斑塊,通常是兩側對稱 • 常伴隨著疼痛或搔癢 • 侵犯的部位包含四肢、背部、頭皮等 • Koebner Phenomenon

  7. 乾癬的嚴重程度分級

  8. Psoriatic Plaque

  9. Psoriasis: Large Plaque Areas

  10. Psoriasis: Symmetry of Lesions Patient with symmetric psoriatic plaques on knees before treatment with topical tazarotene Patient after treatment with tazarotene 0.05% gel (week 4). Mild erythema is noted outside psoriatic plaque

  11. Types of Psoriasis • Plaque:斑塊型 • Guttate:點滴型 • Erythrodermic:紅皮型 • Pustular (localized and general):膿疱型 • Flexural:屈側型 • Scalp:頭皮型 • Psoriatic arthritis:乾癬性關節炎

  12. Plaque Psoriasis

  13. Erythrodermic Psoriasis

  14. Pustular Psoriasis

  15. Flexural Psoriasis

  16. Scalp Psoriasis

  17. Psoriatic Arthritis

  18. Therapy of Psoriasis

  19. 外用副腎皮質類固醇 • 效果非常快 • 停藥後馬上會反彈(rebound),而造成乾癬的驟然復發(flap up) • 所以單獨使用僅限於輕微到中度的乾癬,較嚴重者需要合併其他藥物 • 而且使用上必須小心地監測,強效類固醇長期使用會有副作用

  20. 外用副腎皮質類固醇

  21. Coal Tar • 內含許多碳化合物,可以減緩細胞的生長 • 對輕到中度乾癬可直接使用在病灶上,有製成沐浴乳液及洗髮精的劑型 • 因為太污染環境,所以需在醫院進行 • 常併用其他療法(如UVB)來增加療效 • 主要的缺點是難以忍受的臭味及污染衣物 • 會有刺激性與皮膚發紅

  22. Coal Tar

  23. Calcipotriol/ Calcipotriene • 維生素D的衍生物 • 減緩乾癬細胞的分裂、生長過程,同時可修正細胞的異常角化 • 每日使用兩次,不能擦在臉及生殖部位 • 若每週使用超過100克,會有高血鈣的危險,許多國家均有“每週不超過100克”的標示。(台灣的健保給付規定為每週不得超過30克) • 副作用包括:針刺感與灼熱感及皮膚刺激等

  24. Calcipotriol/ Calcipotriene

  25. Zorac / Tazarotene • 每天一次的使用下,第一週即可有效減少乾癬 • 最顯著改善的臨床症狀是斑塊突起(plaque elevation) • 對頑固型的手肘、膝蓋也有顯著療效 • 停藥後12週的持續療效 • 無全身性副作用 Ref.: J Am Acad Dermatol 1997; 37: 85-92

  26. Zorac / Tazarotene

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