1 / 109

Metals and Alloys: Strength, Flexibility, and Customization in Material Science Schools in Sub-Saharan Africa

Discover the advantages of metals in material science, such as malleability, strength, conductivity, and shine. Explore the customization of metals through cold-working and heat treating. Learn about alloys and the desirable mechanical properties they offer. Witness the practical applications of alloys like aluminum, stainless steel, bronze, pewter, and brass. Understand the importance of steel and its efficient production process.

deakins
Download Presentation

Metals and Alloys: Strength, Flexibility, and Customization in Material Science Schools in Sub-Saharan Africa

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Mathematics and Science in Schools in Sub-Saharan Africa

  2. MATERIAL SCIENCE METAL ALLOYS

  3. Metals have many advantages Malleable Strong Conductors Shiny

  4. Metal Customizing Cold-working and heat treating metals changes the strength & flexibility of metals.

  5. Disadvantages

  6. Alloys An alloy is a metal composed of more than one element.

  7. Alloy Metals Engineering alloys include the cast-irons, steels, aluminum alloys, magnesium alloys, titanium alloys, nickel alloys, zinc alloys and copper alloys.

  8. Desirable Mechanical Properties

  9. In pure form, most metals are not very strong! 99% Pure Aluminum Aluminum Alloy Wheels Very Light, Very Weak Light & Strong

  10. Aluminum Alloys Make Flight Possible! December 17, 1903

  11. Wright Brothers 1st Aluminum Alloy Gas Powered Engine Block Low Weight (<100 kg ) High Power (~12HP)

  12. Alloys Make Financial “Cents”! Pre 1982 = 95% Copper Post 1982 = 97.5% Zinc

  13. Copper Coated Coating = 10 micrometers

  14. Lab: Floating Pennies

  15. Corrosion Protection

  16. Stainless Steel Stainless steel is "stainless" because it is more resistant to rusting than ordinary steel.

  17. Stainless Steel Stainless steel’s chromium content is typically between 13-25%

  18. Stainless Steel The thin layer of chromium on the outside actually forms chromium oxide.

  19. Stainless Steel If the metal is scratched, the oxide forms in the scratch, which make it “self-healing.”

  20. Most silverware is not silver! This keeps silverware looking nice and new.

  21. First Alloy Made? Bronze

  22. Bronze Bronze is the traditional name for a broad range of alloys of copper. Bronze is composed of copper with tin as its main additive.

  23. Bronze Earliest bronzes included arsenic which made it stronger than iron.

  24. Modern Uses Ductility Machinability Corrosion Resistant

  25. Pewter Pewter dates back at least 2,000 years to Roman times. Ancient pewter contained about 70 percent tin and 30 percent lead.

  26. Pewter Ancient pewter was often called black metal because it darkened greatly with age, The lead readily leached out in contact with acidic foods.

  27. Modern Safer Pewter Today's functional pewter no longer contains lead. Today’s pewter is between 85% and 99% tin, with the remainder consisting of 1-4% copper, acting as a hardener.

  28. Modern Uses Some of today’s lower grades of pewter have the addition of lead for a bluish tint.

  29. Brass

  30. Brass Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc. Typically brass is more than 50 % copper. Some types of brass are incorrectly called bronzes, despite their high zinc content.

  31. Brass is a versatile manufacturing material because of its hardness and workability. Some types of brass have other metals added to modify their properties.

  32. Brass is corrosion resistant.

  33. Other Modern Uses

  34. Lab: Making An Alloy

  35. Lab: Making An Alloy Data Chart

  36. Lab: Making An Alloy Brass Zinc Copper

  37. The most used alloy?

  38. Steel

  39. Steel is the common name for a large family of iron alloys which are easily malleable after the molten stage.

  40. Steel Steel is the worlds most recycled material.

  41. Henry Bessemer Generally credited with the invention of an efficient steelmaking process in 1856.

  42. Steels are commonly made from limestone, iron ore & coal.

  43. Effects of Carbon How hard steel is depends on the how much carbon is inside.

  44. Effects of Carbon Hardness and tensile strength increases as carbon content increases up to about 0.85% C!

More Related