The Five Pillars of ISLAM

1. The Five Pillars of ISLAM

3. First Pillar • DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada) • One rendering is: • “There is no God but God and Muhammad is His Prophet.”

4. First Pillar • DECLARATION OF FAITH (Shahada) • One rendering is: • “There is no God but God and Muhammad is His Prophet.” • (To become a Muslim one need only recite the Shahada three times before witnesses.)

5. First Pillar SAUDI ARABIA FLAG

6. Second Pillar • 2. PRAYER • Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed Five times a day at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

7. Second Pillar • 2. PRAYER • Salat is the name for the obligatory prayers which are performed Five times a day at dawn, noon, mid-afternoon, sunset and nightfall.

8. Second Pillar • 5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles.

9. Second Pillar • 5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles.

10. Second Pillar • 5:7 O ye who believe! when ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles.

11. Second Pillar • Rik’at (wreck-at) (prostrations) Bending. A collection of prayers at congregational service, so called because the prayers are accompanied by bending of the body, bowing and prostration.

12. Second Pillar • Rik’at (wreck-at) • Series of ritual prostrations.

13. Second Pillar • Rik’at (wreck-at) • Series of ritual prostrations.

14. Second Pillar • ORIENTATION – QIBLA • (‘Point of Adoration’) • KAABA-MECCA • 2:143 And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels.

15. Second Pillar • ORIENTATION – QIBLA • (‘Point of Adoration’) • KAABA-MECCA • 2:143 And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels.

16. Second Pillar • MIHRAB • Every mosque contains a mihrab (prayer niche) which shows the direction of the Kaaba (the qibla) from that place.

17. Second Pillar • MIHRAB • Every mosque contains a mihrab (prayer niche) which shows the direction of the Kaaba (the qibla) from that place.

18. Second Pillar 'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.' Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

19. Second Pillar 'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.' Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

20. Second Pillar 'In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate Praise be to God, the Lord of all the Worlds, the All-Merciful, the All-Compassionate, the Master of the Day of Judgement; Thee alone do we worship, Thee alone do we ask for help. Guide us unto the straight path, the path of those to whom Thou givest of Thy bounty, not of those who anger Thee, not of those who go astray.' Sura 1:1-7 Recited to begin the obligatory prayer

21. Second Pillar • The noon congregational prayer of Friday afternoon is mandated to be a collective prayer and must be said in a Mosque, and is preceded by a sermon (Khutba). The Imam (prayer leader) is not a priest nor need be the same person every time, but considerations of scholarship and knowledge of the Quran and the religion are exercised in choosing him .

22. Second Pillar • The noon congregational prayer of Friday afternoon is mandated to be a collective prayer and must be said in a Mosque, and is preceded by a sermon (Khutba). The Imam (prayer leader) is not a priest nor need be the same person every time, but considerations of scholarship and knowledge of the Quran and the religion are exercised in choosing him.

23. 3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat) Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each year of two and a half percent of one's capital. Third Pillar

24. 3. ALMS GIVING (Zakat) Each year a Muslim calculates his or her own zakat individually. For most purposes this involves payment each year of two and a half percent of one's capital. Third Pillar

25. Third Pillar This 2.5% is calculated and given by the individual to the charity of his/her choice. 19:55. He enjoined upon his people worship and almsgiving, and was acceptable in the sight of his Lord.(MP)

26. 4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH • Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year. Fourth Pillar

27. 4. FASTING FOR ONE MONTH • Every year in the month of Ramadan, all Muslims fast from first light until sundown, abstaining from food, drink, and sexual relations. Those who are sick, elderly, or on a journey, and women who are pregnant or nursing are permitted to break the fast and make up an equal number of days later in the year. Fourth Pillar

28. Fourth Pillar LUNAR CALENDAR Muslims use a lunar calendar to keep track of their days, weeks, months and holy days.

29. Fourth Pillar The lunar year has 12 months of 29.5 days. 12 x 29.5 = 354 days in a lunar year compared to 365 in a solar year. The seasons move around the year on the lunar calendar. If Christmas were on a lunar calendar it would sometimes take place in the middle of summer!

30. Fourth Pillar The lunar year has 12 months of 29.5 days. 12 x 29.5 = 354 days in a lunar year compared to 365 in a solar year. The seasons move around the year on the lunar calendar. If Christmas were on a lunar calendar it would sometimes take place in the middle of summer!

31. Fourth Pillar Origin of Christian Fasting Some of the [Church] Fathers as early as the Fifth century supported the view that … forty days' fast was of Apostolic institution. For example, St. Leo (d. 461) exhorts his hearers to abstain that they may "fulfill with their fasts the Apostolic institution of the forty days“ – Catholic Encyclopedia

32. Fourth Pillar Origin of Christian Fasting Some of the [Church] Fathers as early as the Fifth century supported the view that … forty days' fast was of Apostolic institution. For example, St. Leo (d. 461) exhorts his hearers to abstain that they may "fulfill with their fasts the Apostolic institution of the forty days“– Catholic Encyclopedia

33. Fifth Pillar • 5. PILGRIMAGE (Hajj) • The annual pilgrimage to Mecca — the Hajj — is an obligation only for those who are physically and financially able to perform it. The annual Hajj begins in the twelfth month of the Islamic year (which is lunar, not solar, so that Hajj and Ramadan fall sometimes in summer, sometimes in winter).

34. Fifth Pillar • 5. PILGRIMAGE (Hajj) • The annual pilgrimage to Mecca — the Hajj —is an obligation only for those who are physically and financially able to perform it. The annual Hajj begins in the twelfth month of the Islamic year (which is lunar, not solar, so that Hajj and Ramadan fall sometimes in summer, sometimes in winter).

35. Fifth Pillar • And the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. And also of the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. –Gen 21:11-12

36. Fifth Pillar • And the thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight because of his son. And God said unto Abraham, Let it not be grievous in thy sight because of the lad, and because of thy bondwoman; in all that Sarah hath said unto thee, hearken unto her voice; for in Isaac shall thy seed be called. And also of the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. –Gen 21:11-12

37. Fifth Pillar • And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking. Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, … Isaac. • –Gen 21:9-10

38. Fifth Pillar • And Sarah saw the son of Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking. Wherefore she said unto Abraham, Cast out this bondwoman and her son: for the son of this bondwoman shall not be heir with my son, … Isaac. • –Gen 21:9-10

39. Fifth Pillar • And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation. • –Gen 17:20

40. Fifth Pillar • And as for Ishmael, I have heard thee: Behold, I have blessed him, and will make him fruitful, and will multiply him exceedingly; twelve princes shall he beget, and I will make him a great nation. • –Gen 17:20

41. Fifth Pillar • Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. … GABRIEL PORTRAYED

42. Fifth Pillar • Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. … GABRIEL PORTRAYED

43. Fifth Pillar • Muslim tradition holds that Hagar, the handmaiden of Sarah, and Ishmael, the son she bore to Abraham, were saved from the agony of thirst in their exile by the waters of the well of Zamzam, which was opened for them by the angel Gabriel. This well, which is still giving water, is outside the Kaaba but within the confines of the Sacred Mosque. … GABRIEL PORTRAYED

44. Fifth Pillar • It is customary for pilgrims to drink from the well and to carry bottles of its water home with them. In Muslim tradition, Hagar and Ishmael remained at the site, and the community of Mecca grew around them. • -Lippman Islam A Way of Life, 24 GABRIEL PORTRAYED

45. Fifth Pillar • It is customary for pilgrims to drink from the well and to carry bottles of its water home with them. In Muslim tradition, Hagar and Ishmael remained at the site, and the community of Mecca grew around them. • -Lippman Islam A Way of Life, 24 GABRIEL PORTRAYED

46. Fifth Pillar Pilgrimage: The Hajj

47. Fifth Pillar • This major pilgrimage must be made in the Month of Pilgrimage (Dhu 'l-Hijja) the last month of the Muslim lunar calendar, between the 8th day of the month and the 12th or 13th.

48. Fifth Pillar • This major pilgrimage must be made in the Month of Pilgrimage (Dhu 'l-Hijja) the last month of the Muslim lunar calendar, between the 8th day of the month and the 12th or 13th.

49. Fifth Pillar • At times there are more than one million souls participating in the annual Hajj

50. Fifth Pillar • At times there are more than one million souls participating in the annual Hajj