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New Zealanders 60% reside outside country of birth Dutch 40% Germans 38% Danes 34%

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New Zealanders 60% reside outside country of birth Dutch 40% Germans 38% Danes 34%

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  1. IPUMS-International and Integrated European Census Microdata Projects Reduce Risks of Managing Trans-border Access and Add Significant Value* * *Robert McCaa and Albert Esteve PalosMinnesota Population Center and Centre d’EstudisDemografics--Barcelonawww.ipums.org/internationalwww.iecm-project.org

  2. “Dissemination [means] opening up the value inherent in our data.”-- Walter Radermacher and Pieter EveraersSeminar on Emerging Trends in Data Communication and Statistics, UNSC, New York, Feb. 19, 2010*

  3. Trans-Border access is essential in 21st Century.Many researchers (e.g., demographers, members of IUSSP) reside outside their country of birth • New Zealanders 60% reside outside country of birth • Dutch 40% • Germans 38% • Danes 34% • Chinese 30% • Belgians 31% • British 25% • Australians 22% • Canadians, Finns, French, Japanese, Swiss, etc. ~20% Limiting access to in-country is old-fashioned, inefficient, costly, & unfair.Encourages violations, brain drain.

  4. IPUMS-International darkgreen = anonymized, harmonized and disseminating(69 countries, 212 censuses, 480 millonperson records)medium green = to be integrated (29 countries, 75 censuses, ~100 mpr) IPUMS-International: 2012 (weighted by population size) 2012 launch:El Salvador (2)Indonesia (9)Mexico (2010)Morocco (3)Nicaragua (3)Turkey (3)Uruguay (5) Work began in 1999. By 2020 we hope to integrate census microdata of 100 countries, including 2010 round censuses. Mollweide projection

  5. IPUMS-International darkgreen = anonymized, harmonized and disseminating(17 countries, 56 censuses, 93 millonperson records)medium green = to be integrated (2 countries, 6 censuses, ~5 mpr) IECM/ IPUMS-Europe: 2012 (weighted by population size) Countries not yetparticipating areinvited to consider doing so: Albania, Belgium, Bosnia-H, Croatia, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Iceland, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldova R., Norway, Russia, Serbia, Slovak R., Sweden, etc. Mollweide projection

  6. Outline: IPUMS-International & IECMReduce Risks of Managing Trans-border Access and Add Significant Value • NSOs that disseminate microdata by “going it alone” incur significant risks, substantial costs, & much user dissatisfaction • IPUMS & IECM offer a “one-stop” comprehensive solution to managing access to census microdata • Statistical Confidentiality and Security • Integration • Manage trans-border access • Conclusion: Invitation to cooperate, entrust 2010 round census microdata as soon as feasible.

  7. I. One-stop, comprehensive solution to disseminating census microdata & metadata…of Europe and the world Organize Uniform agreement with each NSO Administer We manage approval/denial of user access Anonymize We are responsible for data anonymization Integrate We do the work Metadata Official language and integrated in English Microdata Integrated globally & optimized for Europe Disseminate Extracts, custom-tailored to each request Share We share: results, comprehensive electronic bibliography No longer enough to prepare a CD or post a dataset on a web-site

  8. II. Statistical Confidentiality and Security • Microdata security and confidentiality protections • Employees face fines, job loss, and possible imprisonment for violations • Security: “best practice” – Dennis Trewin, ex Aus. Stat. • Statistical disclosure control protections: • Suppression of records using sub-sampling, names, low-level geography, unique variates, • Paired swapping of geographical identifiers of households to create uncertainty • Top/bottom coding, global recodes, deletion of digits, etc. • Managing restricted access to microdata (next slide)

  9. II. Statistical Confidentiality and Security (cont’d.) • Microdata security and confidentiality protections • Statistical disclosure control protections: • Managing restricted access to microdata • Detailed registration form to establish bona-fides • 4/5ths of viewers do not complete the form! --automatic denial • Conditions of use bind researcher & institution; violations penalize every researcher at institution • Custom-tailored extracts encourage researchers to jealously guard their downloads. • More than 5,000 researchers approved for access

  10. III. Integration: Metadata & Microdata • Comprehensive source metadata in official language(s) • Questionnaires, instructions, manuals, etc. • Integrated, DDI compatible metadata: definitions, concepts, variable names, value labels, codes--all link back to sources • Descriptions of censuses and samples, • Variables defined, comparability discussions, • Example: educational attainment (next slide) • Integrated, pooled microdata: multiple censuses in a single file • Integrated boundary files (GIS) linked to microdata • IPUMS value added variables

  11. Example of composite coding: Educational attainment

  12. III. Integration: Metadata & Microdata (cont’d.) • Comprehensive source metadata in official language(s) • Integrated, DDI compatible metadata: definitions, concepts, variable names, value labels, codes--all link back to sources • Integrated, pooled microdata: many censuses in single file • Integrated boundary files (GIS) linked to microdata • IPUMS value added variables: • Technical variables: weights, identifiers • Family, household info: summary indicators • Person variables: Locations of mother, father, spouse and rules for linking (momloc, poploc, sploc)

  13. IV. Managing Trans-border Access • Trans-border access: uniform experience for access to all countries, regardless of nationality • Custom-tailored extracts: user selects country(ies), censuses, variables, sub-populations • Extract engine fulfills request, generates custom-tailored microdata and metadata • 3 unique IPUMS extract tools: • Select cases • Attach characteristics • Customize sample size • Usage: 8,048 extracts in 2011; 40,142 samples. See next page.

  14. IPUMS-International Google Analytics: 2011 Trans-Border Access: 169 countries/territories 3,033 cities, 45,000 page views. Up 4X from 2010 Disclosure Controls for Trans-Border access to Census Microdata via a Single License, Access Point: The IPUMS-IECM partnership* * *Robert McCaa and Albert Esteve PalosMinnesota Population Center and Centre d’EstudisDemografics--Barcelonawww.ipums.org/international“You have to do due diligence, something to assure yourself that the people you’re giving your data to can be trusted.” --http://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/09/us/09breach.html?hp

  15. IECM value-added (in beta test): Password protected, trans-border on-line tabulator

  16. Reflections • Substantial returns to NSOs; no cost: economies of scale, low risk. • 96 NSOs are participating • If yours is not, let’s discuss how to resolve the obstacles: • Amend legislation, • Revise regulations, • Advocate statistical transparency, etc. • Entrust 2011 census microdata, as soon as feasible • Provide boundary files at low-level geography for each census possible

  17. IPUMS at the 59th ISI (Hong Kong, Aug 24-30, 2013) http://www.isi2013.hk/ • IPUMS Workshop • Microdata session • IPUMS Funding for delegatesfromdevelopingcountries • IPUMS booth

  18. Thank youIf your NSO is not participating yet, please contact: rmccaa@umn.eduWhen processing of your 2011 census microdata is completed, please contact: rmccaa@umn.edu

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