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The Effects of Aluminum Oxide on Brassica rapa

The Effects of Aluminum Oxide on Brassica rapa. By: Catherine Nguyen. Question. Will various amounts of aluminum oxide negatively effect the growth of the plant Brassica rapa ?. Background Information. Fall of 2010 toxic sludge infected the Danube River in Hungary

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The Effects of Aluminum Oxide on Brassica rapa

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  1. The Effects of Aluminum Oxide on Brassicarapa By: Catherine Nguyen

  2. Question Will various amounts of aluminum oxide negatively effect the growth of the plant Brassicarapa?

  3. Background Information • Fall of 2010 toxic sludge infected the Danube River in Hungary • The toxic sludge contained a high percentage of aluminum oxide • This sludge is an ecological disaster which killed numerous animals once exposed to the sludge • Brassicarapais a plant most commonly known as the Wisconsin fast plants

  4. Hypothesis • If seeds of Brassicarapaare planted in soil that contains increasing ratios of aluminum oxide to soil then those planted in higher concentrations will be negatively affected.

  5. Materials • 400g of soil • 100g of Aluminum Oxide • 150 seeds of Brassicarapa • 15 Styrofoam cups • Distilled Water • Growth Light • 1 large container • Scale • 500mL beaker

  6. Procedure • Mix different ratios of aluminum oxide with soil • 0/100, 10/90, 20/80, 30/70, and 40/60 • Place 33.3g of soil into a styrofoam cup • Put a hole at the bottom of each cup • Place ten seeds of Brassicarapa into the cup • Repeat steps with each ratio of aluminum oxide and soil two more times • Place all cups into a large tray • Pour 500mL of Distilled water into the container

  7. Procedure Part 2 • Place the container under the growth light • Leave plants under growth light for ten days • Refill the large container with 500mL of distilled water every two days • Remove the plants that have grown from the cups • Leave to dry for one day • Record the amount of plants that germinated, mass, length of the roots, and lengths of the shoots for each plant

  8. Variables • Independent Variable- the amount of Aluminum oxide the Brassicarapa is exposed to • Dependent Variable-the growth of the Brassicarapa • Control-the soil that the Brassicarapa was planted which contained only 100g of soil • Constant-growth light, types of cups, type of soil, and type of water

  9. Data Amount of Brassicarapa that Germinated after Ten Days

  10. Data Part 2

  11. Data Part 3

  12. Data Part 4 0/100 10/90 20/80 30/70 40/60 Ratios of Aluminum Oxide and Soil

  13. Data Part 5 0/100 10/90 20/80 30/70 40/60 Ratios of Aluminum Oxide and Soil

  14. Data Part 6 T-Test Results of the Control Compared to Each Ratio of Aluminum Oxide

  15. Limitations, Factors, and Future Research • The plants were put underneath the growth light two days after the experiment had begun. • The plants were not consistently watered over the period of ten days. • If this experiment was conducted again, higher ratios of aluminum oxide and soil would be used. • The growth of the Brassicarapa could be observed for longer than ten days. • Other chemicals found in the toxic sludge could be tested to see how they would react to the Brassicarapa.

  16. Conclusion • The hypothesis was partially supported because the data showed how the lengths of the roots and shoots were not greatly affected by the aluminum oxide. • The root to shoot ratio and the masses of the plants were significantly affected by the aluminum oxide. • This showed that the aluminum oxide could be affecting the internal structure of the Brassicarapa. • As the ratios of aluminum oxide increased the amount of plants that germinated generally decreased. • This experiment can be applied to everyday life because it shows how chemicals from the toxic sludge in Hungary react to various organisms in surrounding areas.

  17. Works Cited • All water life in Hungary’s toxic river is dead: official.” AFP. N.p., 7 Oct. 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. <http://www.terradaily.com/‌reports/‌All_water_life_in_Hungarys_Marcal_river_is_dead_official_999.html>. • “Brassicarapa .” USDA Department of Agriculture: Natural Resources Consercation Services. N.p., 2005. Web. 6 Dec. 2010. <http://plants.usda.gov/‌java/‌profile?symbol=BRRA>. • Duke, James A. “Brassicarapa .” Purdue Agricultural. N.p., 30 Dec. 1997. Web. 6 Dec. 2010. <http://www.hort.purdue.edu/‌newcrop/‌duke_energy/‌Brassica_rapa.html>. • “Red mud: Toxic waste of aluminum refining.” CBC News. N.p., 7 Oct. 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. <http://www.cbc.ca/‌technology/‌story/‌2010/‌10/‌07/‌f-red-mud-bauxite-aluminum.html>. • Spritzer, Dinah. “Official: Hungary’s toxic sludge reaches the Danube River.” USA Today. N.p., 7 Oct. 2010. Web. 22 Nov. 2010. <http://www.usatoday.com/‌news/‌world/‌2010-10-06-hungary-toxic-sludge_N.htm>.

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