Cluster Low Emission Combustor Technology MEASUREMENTS TECHNIQUES IN THE LECT Cluster’s PROGRAMMES

1. Cluster Low Emission Combustor Technology MEASUREMENTS TECHNIQUES IN THE LECT Cluster’s PROGRAMMES Olivier Penanhoat olivier.penanhoat@snecma.fr ___AERONET 2 - workshop “Measurement Technology” - cluster LECT___ TU Vienne - 19&20th Sept.

2. Cluster Low Emission Combustor Technology OBJECTIVE : DEVELOP LOW EMISSION COMBUSTOR TECHNOLOGY * mainly reduce Nox (environment : Local impact (air quality) and global impact (greenhouse effect)) * reduce also consumption and CO2 emissions ( => trade-offs) * insure always simultaneously safety, operability, afordability HOW : * with technological programmes (developping and testing components or demonstrators) * with more fundamental research programmes (CFD tools and Physical comprehension) * relevant themes : LPP & RQL technology, Instabilities, 2 phase flows … PARTNERS : European engine manufacturers, Laboratories and universities : See attached

3. Cluster Low Emission Combustor Technology

4. Cluster Low Emission Combustor Technology - Measurement techniques • INTRUSIVE: Nox levels are still measured by sampling • NON INTRUSIVE: Many non intrusive methods have been carried out in the cluster ’s programmes • LIF (Laser Induced Fluorescence) • CARS (Coherent Anti Stokes Raman Scattering) • LDA (Laser Doppler Anemometry) • LDV (Laser Doppler Velocimetry) • PIV (Particle Imaging Velocimetry) • DFWM (Degenerate Four Wave Mixing) • Mie Scattering • Rayleigh Scattering • LSD (Laser Sheet Drop sizing) • IR spectroscopie • Chemiluminescence (CH* & OH* emissions)

5. Cluster Low Emission Combustor Technology - Measurement techniques • NON INTRUSIVE TECHNIQUES : • In which programmes ? • Technological programmes but also more fundamental research ones (CFD & physics) • For which needs ? • =>Technological evaluation • =>Better physical understanding : Instabilities, flashback, autoignition, 2 phase flows, • radiation, chemistry (Nox, soots, CO,…), turbulence &swirling flows… • =>CFD validation • by who ? • The illustrative examples of this presentation have been selected to give an idea of the • variety of measurements carried out in the cluster ’s programmes and have been • provided by various partners. Nevertheless it doesn ’t show the rich contribution of all • laboratories and universities involved. It must be considered as a sample.

6. Air Fuel Premixing tube Swirlers Cluster Low Emission Combustor Technology General architecture for LPP injection system LPP major issues :  air-fuel mixing homogeneity (NOx, CO)  lean blow-out  auto-ignition / flashback control  combustion instabilities

7. IST - LDV and Rayleigh Scattering on premixed flame / LES/PDF-ECT * Hypothesis of axisymetry * « Validation of PDF method »

8. EM2C - Optical measurements on LPP combustor / ACIACOC « Instabilities and control of a liquid fuel combustor at atmospheric pressure» CH* emission (chemiluminescence) through the instability cycle

9. EM2C - Optical measurements on LPP combustor / ACIACOC « Instabilities and control of a liquid fuel combustor at atmospheric pressure» See also : DLR, EBI, Cambridge See also : ICLEAC 2D-imaging :CH* emission (chemiluminescence) through the instability cycle (=>proportional to reaction rate)

10. Q1,f1, T1, Re1 Q2,f2, T2, Re2 ENSMA - Optical measurements / LES-4-LPP « ORACLES rig » Q1, Q2 £ 200 g/s f1, f2£ 1,2 -10 £ T1, T2 £ 20 K Re1, Re2 £ 80 000 Main characteristics : • Variable mixture composition (C3H8-air) • simultaneous presence of large scale coherent structures and stochastic turbulence ALSO used in MOLECULES