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http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/e/el_nino.asp

http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/e/el_nino.asp. The El Niño and La Niña Effects on the Hydrology of Texas Andy Chan CE 394K.2 – Surface Water Hydrology. NORMAL CONDITION. http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensocycle/meanrain.shtml. EL NI Ñ O CONDITION.

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  1. http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/e/el_nino.asp The El Niño and La Niña Effects on the Hydrology of Texas Andy Chan CE 394K.2 – Surface Water Hydrology

  2. NORMAL CONDITION http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensocycle/meanrain.shtml

  3. EL NIÑO CONDITION http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensocycle/enso_schem.shtml

  4. LA NIÑA CONDITION http://www.cpc.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/ensocycle/lanina_schem.shtml

  5. EL NIÑO AND LA NIÑA YEARS 24 El Niño years 16 La Niña years

  6. PALMER DROUGHT SEVERITY INDEX (PDSI) The underlying concept of the [PDSI]… The difference between the actual precipitation and the [precipitation required for the near-normal operation of the established economy of an area]represents a fairly direct measure of the departure of the moisture aspect of the weather from normal. When these departures are properly weighted, the resulting index numbers appear to be of reasonably comparable local significance both in space and time. Palmer, W. C., 1965: Meteorological drought. Weather Bureau Res. Paper 45, U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC, P.58.

  7. PALMER DROUGHT SEVERITY INDEX (PDSI) CAFEC = Climatically Appropriate For Existing Conditions P’ = ET + R + RO – L P’ = CAFEC Precipitation ET = CAFEC Evapotranspiration R = CAFEC Soil Moisture Recharge RO = CAFEC Runoff L = CAFEC Soil Moisture Loss d = P – P’ d = Moisture departure for a particular month P = Areal average precipitation for a particular month

  8. TEXAS CLIMATE DIVISIONS Low Rolling Plains North Central Texas High Plains East Texas Trans-Pecos Upper Coast Edwards Plateau South Central Texas South Texas Lower Valley

  9. EXAMPLE: PDSI MAPS 1915 (La Niña -1) 1916 (La Niña) 1917 (La Niña +1/El Niño -1) 1918 (El Niño) 1919 (El Niño +1)

  10. 1915 (La Nina -1) SPRING

  11. 1915 (La Nina -1) SUMMER

  12. 1915 (La Nina -1) FALL

  13. 1915 (La Nina -1) WINTER

  14. 1916 (La Nina) SPRING

  15. 1916 (La Nina) SUMMER

  16. 1916 (La Nina) FALL

  17. 1916 (La Nina) WINTER

  18. 1917 (La Nina +1/El Nino -1) SPRING

  19. 1917 (La Nina +1/El Nino -1) SUMMER

  20. 1917 (La Nina +1/El Nino -1) FALL

  21. 1917 (La Nina +1/El Nino -1) WINTER

  22. 1918 (El Nino) SPRING

  23. 1918 (El Nino) SUMMER

  24. 1918 (El Nino) FALL

  25. 1918 (El Nino) WINTER

  26. 1919 (El Nino +1) SPRING

  27. 1919 (El Nino +1) SUMMER

  28. 1919 (El Nino +1) FALL

  29. 1919 (El Nino +1) WINTER

  30. TAKE HOME MESSAGE • El Niño • Wetter than normal starting from late El Niño year to late • El Nino +1 year • Higher precipitation, temperature, and streamflow • Lower evaporation • La Niña • Dryer than normal starting from late La Niña year to late • La Niña +1 year • Lower precipitation, temperature, and streamflow • Higher evaporation • These relationships are not strong enough for use in • accurately predicting streamflow or droughts, they may be • useful if they are expressed as probabilities of exceedance • threshold levels (Piechota 1996)

  31. http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/f/forces_of_nature.asp QUESTIONS?

  32. SEA SURFACE ANOMALIES (°C) OF E. PACIFIC BASIN

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