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Air Circuit Breaker

Air Circuit Breaker

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Air Circuit Breaker

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  1. Air CircuitBreaker This type ofcircuitbreakers, isthosekindofcircuitbreakerwhichoperates in air atatmosphericpressure. Afterdevelopmentofoilbreaker, the medium voltageair circuitbreaker (ACB) isreplacedcompletely by oilcircuitbreaker in differentcountries. To avoidthe risk ofoilfire, in case ofoilcircuitbreakertheywerepreferablefor long times in many countries. In America ACBswereexclusivelyusedforthesystem up to 15 KV untilthedevelopmentofnewvacuum and SF6 circuitbreakers.

  2. Air-break circuit breaking Principles of arc extinction A circuit is interrupted in an air-break circuit breaker by parting a set ofcircuit-breaking contacts, and then controlling the resulting arc, so that it isestablished inside an arc chute. Here the resistance of the arc is increased, and, in turn, the current is reduced so that the arc cannot be maintained by the circuit voltage, and the circuit is cleared.

  3. The resistance of the arc, and hence the arc voltage, can be madeto increase in various ways dependent on: (a) increasing the length of the arc (b) cooling the arc (c) splitting the arc into a number of series arcs. Most arc chutes use at least two of these principles and apply them in various ways.

  4. There are basically two types of arc chute, as follows: (a) the insulated plate type that relies on stretching and cooling by means ofrefractory plates of special shape (b) the bare-metal-plate type or cold cathode that splits the arc into a number ofseries arcs, and also cools by conduction into the plates. In all arc chutes, the controlling forces that direct the arc into the arc chute areprovided by the natural electromagnetic and thermal forces of the arc, supplemented by a strong magnetic field that is generally provided by: (a) an external iron circuit around the arc, usually energised by one or more turns of a coil carrying the current being interrupted, or (b) an internal iron circuit in the form of special shaped steel plates that are energised by the arc itself.

  5. Air blastcircuitbreakers Historical system, nowadays replaced by vacuum and SF6

  6. Axial Blast Air Circuit Breaker

  7. The end

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