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如何运用 SPSS 进行数据分析

如何运用 SPSS 进行数据分析. 英语学院 宋毅. 几个主要概念. 样本 (Sample) 统计总体 (Population) 变量 (Variable): 定类 / 定序 / 定距 / 定比 测量误差 ( p ) 正态分布 -- 均值 (Mean; M ) -- 标准差 (Standard Deviation; SD ). 标准差的意义. 数据分布比较 :. 几种常用数据分析方法. 描述性统计分析 (Descriptive Statistics) -- 频率 (Frequency)

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如何运用 SPSS 进行数据分析

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  1. 如何运用SPSS进行数据分析 英语学院 宋毅

  2. 几个主要概念 • 样本(Sample) • 统计总体(Population) • 变量(Variable):定类/定序/定距/定比 • 测量误差(p) • 正态分布 -- 均值 (Mean; M) -- 标准差 (Standard Deviation; SD)

  3. 标准差的意义 数据分布比较:

  4. 几种常用数据分析方法 • 描述性统计分析(Descriptive Statistics) -- 频率(Frequency) -- 列联表分析 (Cross-tabulation) • 推论统计(Inferential Statistics) • 均值比较 (Mean Comparison) • 相关性(Correlation) • 预测(Regression)

  5. 描述性统计分析 • 频率 • 均值 • 图示

  6. 柱状图(定类/定序变量)

  7. 频率表(定类/定序变量)

  8. 直方图(定距/定比变量)

  9. 直方图 频率多边形 Histogram Frequency Polygon

  10. 推论统计 • 均值比较 (Mean Comparison) --t-tests (Independent/Paired) -- ANOVA • 相关性(Correlation) • 预测(Regression) • Alpha (α) – significance level • p< .05; p < .01; p < .001

  11. Cases fall mathematically in a predictable way across the distribution, defined by standard deviation units. • The total area under the curve is 1 (i.e., 100%). .3413 .3413 .1359 .1359 .0215 .0215 -3s-2s-1s µ +1s+2s+3s .6826 .9544 .9974

  12. α (< .05) & p值 α/2 = .025 α/2 = .025 e.g., p = .01 e.g., p = .08 e.g., p = .001 • α (≤ .05) • p value: SPSS 值

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