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Caner ESENYEL Senior Expert on Family and Social Policy

STATISTICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTRE FOR ISLAMIC COUNTRIES. CENTRAL REGULAR CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS IN TURKEY : The Case of Conditional Cash Transfer Program. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance.

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Caner ESENYEL Senior Expert on Family and Social Policy

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  1. STATISTICAL, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL RESEARCH AND TRAINING CENTRE FOR ISLAMIC COUNTRIES CENTRAL REGULAR CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS IN TURKEY: The Case of Conditional Cash Transfer Program REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance OIC Poverty Alleviation Programme (OIC-PAP) Caner ESENYEL SeniorExpert on Family and Social Policy “Workshop on Social Assistance Systems” 13-15 October 2015 ANKARA, Turkey

  2. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance PRESENTATION OUTLINE: • Forewords, • Central RegularAssistance Programs implemented in Turkey • CCT Programs • CCT in Turkey • Impacts of CCT in Turkey • Remarksforfurtherconsideration • Questions-Answers

  3. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance FROM GENERAL&CASUAL SUBSIDIES TO SPECIALIZED&REGULARASSISTANCE PROGRAMSIN TURKEY • Afterthe negative effects of 2002 global economic crisis has hit Turkey, a significantpursuit for a strong economical/social assistancesystemhas beenappeared; • Moretarget-orientedandaccountablesocialassistanceimplementations has beenlaunched • IT systemshavebeensuccesfullyintegratedtominimisebureaucratic processes

  4. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance FROM GENERAL&CASUAL SUBSIDIES TO SPECIALIZED&REGULARASSISTANCE PROGRAMSIN TURKEY ManySocial Assistance Programs arebeingimplementedby General Directorate of Social Assistance (GDSA) They are basically divided into 5 different categories; Family Assistances Education Assistances Assistances for Specific Purposes Thematic Central Regular Cash Transfers Allowance Programmes to the Specific Groups

  5. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance CENTRAL REGULAR CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS IN TURKEY Most of the assistance programs are being run by SASFs from application to payment processes and paid by periodical budget sent to SASFs from the Fund Budget. Central Regular Cash Transfersare alsopaid from the Fund Budget and applications are taken by SASFs, however the payments are directly sent to the beneficiaries’ accounts from the center throughintegrated software system

  6. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance

  7. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance AS A NEW APPROACH FOR SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS Conditional cash transfer programs (CCTs) are the programs that transfer cash, generally to poor households, on the condition that those households make pre-determined investments in the human capital of their children.

  8. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance AS A NEW APPROACH FOR SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS The number of countries implementing CCT programs or adoption of CCT programs at a remarkable rate. Almost every country in Latin America has such a program and elsewhere there are large-scale programs in Bangladesh, Indonesia, and Turkey, and pilot programs in Cambodia, Malawi, Morocco, Pakistan, and South Africa, among others.

  9. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance AS A NEW APPROACH FOR SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS The number of countries launching CCTs has been increasing every year. 2013 1997

  10. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance AS A NEW APPROACH FOR SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: CONDITIONAL CASH TRANSFER PROGRAMS Support household consumption/income protection Accumulate human capital (more education, better health and nutrition) by higher utilization of basic services Break the intergenerational transmission of poverty

  11. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance AS A NEW APPROACH FOR SOCIAL ASSISTANCE: Conditional Cash Transfer Programs in Turkey • In Turkey, CCT program is launched in 2003. App. 2 billion US $ has been allocated to about 3,5 million beneficiary households. It is implementedthrough a fully web-based software fromapplicationtopaymentsandalsomonitoring and evaluation.

  12. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance ConditionalCash Transfer Program in Turkey • CCT program was an innovative approach for all the social assistance programs in Turkey because: • It provides continuous cash transfer, • • It is conditional on positive behavioral changes • –Keeping children in school, • –Ensuring children and pregnant women receive adequate • immunization, basic health care and nutrition, • Payments are sent directly to mothers’ bank accounts, • It is the first computer-based program, • It is the first scoring formula based assistance program, • It provides longitudinal data about beneficiaries’ socio-economical and conditional based status

  13. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance TARGET GROUP OF THE CCT PROGRAM

  14. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance WhataretheConditionalitiesof CCT?

  15. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance • HOW DOES CCT TARGETING MECHANISM WORK? 1 to 2 weeksprocess

  16. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance AMOUNTS PAID FOR CCT BENEFICIARIES • Education Support • Male Primary School Student ~11 USD /month • Female Primary School Student ~ 13 USD /month • Male Secondary School Student ~ 16 USD /month • Female Secondary School Student~ 20 USD /month • Health Support • Children between ages0-5: ~ 11 USD /month • Pregnantwomen (onlyfor 6 months): ~ 11 USD /month • Womengavebirthin hospital (justforone): ~ 25 USD • Lactatingwomen(onlyfor 2 months): ~ 11 USD/month

  17. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THE PROCESS OF CCT PAYMENTS MONITORING CCT CONDITIONS MONITORING ELIGIBILITY CONDITIONS

  18. THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance Like other CCT programmsin LatinAmerica, the CCT in Turkeyhas alsohad an undeniablepositive social impacts, which is evident inseveral dimensions. Mostimportantly, the CCT programmin Turkeyhashelped reduce poverty and inequality in a someextent, aswell as foster schooling, especially at theprimarylevel.

  19. DISTRIBUTION OF CCT TRANSFERRED AMOUNT REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance

  20. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance DISTRIBUTION OF CCT BENEFICIARIES

  21. ENROLLMENT RATES 2004-2014 REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance

  22. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance DISTRIBUTION OF MALE AND FEMALE EDUCATION CCT BENEFICIARIES FEMALE 1-2-3-4 grades 5-6-7-8 grades 9-10-11-12 grades

  23. THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance • Number of unattended days to the school were decreased 50%, in rural areas this ratio is higher, • Unattendace rate is decreased twice as much for the girls, • The ratio of attendance to high school is 79,4% for boys and 79,3%for girls in 2009-2010, • The same ratio is 57,19% for boys and 50,08% for girls whose are not CCT beneficiaries. withrespect to the control group

  24. THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance • Due to the aids ratio of the controls increased from 63,25% to 74,13%. • According to the results of qualitative research conducted by health professionals, aids have a positive effect on the overall health level, families’ awareness about health are increased and they gained the habit of regular doctor control.

  25. THE IMPACTS OF CCT IN TURKEY REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance • Program is effective in every regions of Turkey • With in rural ares, West Anatolia is the region where the program is the most effective • With in urban areas, South East Anatolia is the region where the program is the most effective • South East Anatolia has the highest number of beneficiaries • According to the survey CCT reduces the child labor • CCT has a positive effect on women's empowerment, participation in social life, to have the financial freedom

  26. REPUBLIC OF TURKEY MINISTRY OF FAMILY AND SOCIAL POLICY General Directorate of Social Assistance THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION… For further information: caner.esenyel@aile.gov.tr www.aile.gov.tr www.sosyalyardimlar.gov.tr

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