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THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: CONCEPT AND NATURE

The Present State System. THERE ARE A SET OF RULES THAT UNDERLIE THE CURRENT STATE SYSTEMTHE VAST MAJORITY OF CURRENT INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES ARE SETTLED BY THESE RULESWHILE INTERNATIONAL LAW CONSTANTLY EVOLVES, THESE RULES SERVE AS THE BASIS OF INT'L. LAW. Rules of the Present International Syste

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THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: CONCEPT AND NATURE

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    1. THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM: CONCEPT AND NATURE POLS 221 WINTER 2005

    2. The Present State System THERE ARE A SET OF RULES THAT UNDERLIE THE CURRENT STATE SYSTEM THE VAST MAJORITY OF CURRENT INTERNATIONAL DISPUTES ARE SETTLED BY THESE RULES WHILE INTERNATIONAL LAW CONSTANTLY EVOLVES, THESE RULES SERVE AS THE BASIS OF INT’L. LAW

    3. Rules of the Present International System ALL STATES ARE SOVEREIGN ALL STATES ARE EQUAL (IN LEGAL SENSE) NEW MEMBERS VIA RECOGNITION NEW RULES ONLY BY CONSENT

    4. SOVEREIGNTY CONCEPT DEVELOPED BY FRENCH PHILOSOPHER JEAN BODIN (1576) GIVE DEFINITION HERE NOTE THAT TERRITORIES, COLONIES AND ‘NON-STATES’ ARE NOT SOVEREIGN

    5. EQUALITY IN THEORY, ALL STATES IN THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM ARE EQUAL THE REALITY IS THERE IS A MALDISTRIBUTION OF RESOURCES (ECONOMIC, NATURAL, MILITARY) THE RESEARCH EXERCISE SERIES IS INTENDED TO HIGHLIGHT THE DISPARITY OF RESOURCES IN THE INT’L SYSTEM

    6. PEACE OF WESTPHALIA ENDED 30 YEARS WAR IN 1648 QUESTIONED PAPAL POWER ENDED THE PAPAL STATE ORIGINAL STATES OF THE INT’L SYSTEM WERE: FRANCE SWITZERLAND NETHERLANDS

    7. RECOGNITION NEW STATES MUST BE RECOGNIZED BY EXISTING STATES THIS IS NORMALLY DONE VIA: -EXCHANGE OF AMBASSADORS -TREATIES AND AGREEMENTS -MEMBERSHIP IN INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS (UNITED NATIONS)

    8. RULES VIA CONSENT RULES CREATE A COMMONALITY THAT ENABLES COOPERATION WHILE AVOIDING CONFLICT EXAMPLES INCLUDE: INT’L AVIATION-USE OF COMMON LANGUAGE (ENGLISH) DIPLOMACY-USE OF INT’L LAW TO PEACEFULLY SETTLE DISPUTES

    9. CHANGE AND CONTINUITY IN THE INT’L SYSTEM THERE ARE TWO VIEW OF CHANGE IN THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM SUI GENERIS- HISTORY DOESN’T REPEAT ITSELF; PERSONALITIES AND LEADERSHIP DRIVE CHANGE DÉJÀ VU- PARALLELS IN HISTORY CAN BE FOUND; HISTORY REPEATS ITSELF WHICH MODEL DO YOU SUBSCRIBE TO?

    10. STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT IN THE INT’L SYSTEM FIVE STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT: CLASSICAL TRANSITIONAL POST WORLD WAR II CONTEMPORARY NEW WORLD ORDER

    11. CLASSICAL PERIOD 1648-1789 BORN OUT OF PEACE OF WESTPHALIA BEGINNING OF MODERN STATE SYSTEM PRIMARY ACTORS WERE MONARCHIES THE INVENTION OF GUNPOWDER INCREASED MILITARY CAPABILITIES CLASS DISTINCTIONS BEGAN WITH THE ADVENT OF CAPITALISM IN 1600s

    12. CLASSICAL PERIOD SHIFTING ALLIANCES BETWEEN STATES IN ORDER TO BALANCE POWER THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVES WERE -NO EXTERNAL INFLUENCE -MAINTAIN BALANCE OF POWER NOT MUCH INT’L COOPERATION LITTLE INT’L COMMERCE

    13. TRANSITIONAL PERIOD 1789-1945 MOVE TOWARDS REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT (DEMOCRACY) AGE OF NATIONALISM (FRENCH REVOLUTION) GRADUAL INCREASE IN THE NUMBER OF STATES

    14. TRANSITIONAL PERIOD USE OF CONSCRIPTED ARMIES TO CONQUER OTHERS RAMPANT COLONIALISM AND IMPERIALISM TO OBTAIN NATURAL RESOURCES AND LABOR SANITARY REVOLUTION INCREASED POPULATION INCREASED HEALTH INCREASED RESOURCES

    15. TRANSITIONAL PERIOD PERIOD ALSO SAW: INDUSTRIALIZATION URBANIZATION GAP BETWEEN INDUSTRIALIZED NON-INDUSTRIALIZED STATES NEW MILITARY TECHNOLOGY LED TO INCREASED CONFLICT INCREASE IN ECONOMIC INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN STATES

    16. TRANSITIONAL PERIOD GROWTH IN NON-STATE ACTORS THE FIRST INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION WAS THE RHINE RIVER COMMISSION FOLLOWED BY INTERNATIONAL POSTAL UNION (COUNTRIES MUST DELIVER EACH OTHERS MAIL) FORCED COOPERATION OF FUNCTIONAL PROBLEMS

    17. POST WORLD WAR II PERIOD 1945-1973 PERIOD OF DRAMATIC CHANGE BREAK UP OF COLONIAL EMPIRES LED TO RISE IN NUMBER OF STATES BIPOLAR SYSTEM WITH TWO SUPERPOWERS (US, USSR)

    18. POST WORLD WAR II PERIOD MORE ECONOMIC INTERDEPENDENCE FISSURES IN THE SYSTEM INCLUDED -NORTH/SOUTH (DEVELOPED/UNDEVELOPED) EAST/WEST (CAPITALISM/COMMUNISM) MILITARY AND ECONOMIC ALLIANCES (NATO, F.E.)

    19. CONTEMPORARY PERIOD 1973-1990 OIL EMBARGO HIGHLIGHTED DEPENDENCE ON FOREIGN OIL GAP BETWEEN DEVELOPED AND DEVELOPING STATES INCREASED DISTRIBUTION OF WEALTH TIED TO AVAILABILITY OF RESOURCES FOR TRADE

    20. CONTEMPORARY PERIOD IMPORTANCE OF TECHNOLOGY AS A SOURCE OF ECONOMIC AND MILITARY POWER HOWEVER THE MOST IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENT WERE -DEMISE OF SOVIET UNION -RISE OF NON-STATE ACTORS

    21. NEW WORLD ORDER 1990-PRESENT RISE OF ‘THIRD WORLD’ (OPEC) COOPERATIVE REGIONALISM (EU, NAFTA) INCREASED INTERDEPENDENCE BETWEEN STATES RISE OF NON-STATE ACTORS RESORTING TO VIOLENCE (TERRORISM) IMPORTANCE OF ETHNICITY AS A POLITICAL FORCE AND CAUSE OF CONFLICT

    22. THE FUTURE WILL HISTORY REPEAT ITSELF? CAN WE PREDICT THE FUTURE? WILL THERE BE A FUTURE??? ANY QUESTIONS???

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