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Laboratory Safety

Laboratory Safety. Why safety?. Personal well being Well being of others in the lab. The safety of equipment. In case of accident. First to call numbers Health Center 6666 0 - 312 - 290 6666 Security 1234 0 - 312 - 290 1234. Types of security issues. Fire General alb accidents

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Laboratory Safety

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  1. Laboratory Safety

  2. Why safety? • Personal well being • Well being of others in the lab. • The safety of equipment.

  3. In case of accident • First to call numbers • Health Center • 6666 • 0-312-290 6666 • Security • 1234 • 0-312-290 1234

  4. Types of security issues • Fire • General alb accidents • Chemical accidents • Optical accidents • Biological accidents • Nuclear accidents • Earthquakes

  5. In case of fire • Close doors and windows • Shut down air conditoning. • Sound the fire alarm • Notify (290) 1234 • Secure injured • Notify (290) 6666 vya 1666 for injured • Attempt to extinguish the fire only if you are not in danger yourself. Do so with a fire extinguisher. • Early intervention with small fires can prevent catastrophic big fires. • Do you know how to use a fire extiguisher?

  6. PECVD Gas emergency Stop FireAlarm

  7. In case of chemical contamination • Shut down air conditioning in case of gaseous, or liquid chemical contamination. • Notify authorities. • In case of splash on your garments, take them off immediately. Wash affected area with running water for at least 15 minutes. • Call 6666. Use acid neutralization kit. • If the area is safe, use eye wash or body wash showers. • Cleaning up is done with professional teams. But if you can shut down the source of the contamination without putting your self in danger, please do so. • Do you know how to use and oxygen cylinder or a flee mask?

  8. First aid chemicals

  9. General safety rules • Know where the lab exit doors are. • Know the location and the use of safety showers. • Know the location of fire alarm buttons. • Know the location of the nearest phone. • Know the hazards of the materials and equipment you use. Read MSDES files for the materials you use. Consult internet for further info. • Do NOT work before taking necessary precautions. • Do NOT use materials you do not know and equipment you are not trained for. • Consult M. Gure when necessary. • Those who are not approved by Murat Güre can not enter class 100 lab.

  10. Body and eye showers Push Handle Pull

  11. MSDS files and flee mask

  12. CLASS 100 escape doors

  13. Fire Exits

  14. General safety rules • Do NOT enter the lab without gloves, gogoles, clean room garmentsEldiven, gözlük, elbise gibi gerekli teçhizatı kullanmadan laboratuvara girmeyiniz. • Do NOT eat, drink and smoke in the lab. You are discouraged from wearing makeup in the lab. • Long hair must be tied in the back and taken into a hair net. Drooping metal necklesses, arm bands or bracelets should NOT be worn in the lab. • Short slacks are NOT allowed in the lab. Use a lab garments. • Do NOT use your mouth for pipette action . • After you leave the lab, wash your hands and check yourself for possible chemicl splashes. • Do NOT use short cuts during the experiment. Use equipment suitable for the task.

  15. Mandatory equipment during use of chemicals

  16. General safety rules • Do NOT touch any equipment without the permission ofthe user. • Food and drinks are stored in the refrigerator in the kitchen. No chemicals in this refrigerator please. • NO food in the refrigerators in the lab. • If you use chemicals that takes too long to finish the job, notify M. Gure the nature of the chemical process before starting the experiments and get approval. • Read MSDS of cheimicals that you are using the first time. • Do NOT leave chemicals out in the open without marking their identity and last use date. • Do NOT work alone in the lab during after hours. Notify the security guard when wroking at night. • Working after midnight requires special written request by your academic advisor from ARL Coordinator prior to any work. Lab security is required to check that this is done.

  17. General safety rules • No jokes in the lab. • Leave the lab clean.Do NOT leave hazradous or flammable materials out in the • Use minimum quantities of chemicals when working. Do NOT store chemicals in your office or lab. Use chemical storage area for excess chemical storage. See M. Gure for this. • Please notify possible hazardous situations to lab personel.

  18. Personal safety • Eye protection • The use of glasses. • The use of masks. • The use of oxygen masks. • The users of contact lenses. Beware! • Respiratory protection • Notify and get approval from M. Gure for experiments that may release gasses requiring protection. • Masks in the lab are flee masks. They should not be use for long periods of time.

  19. Personal safety • Skin and body protection • The use of gloves • The use of lab coats and aprons • The use of shoes. • Protection of hearing

  20. Lab safety equipment • Lanibar flow benches • Masks • Gloves • Body and eyes washes • Kits against chemical contamination. • Fire extinguishers

  21. Use of chemicals • Minimize hazards. • Safe use: • Please also note the properties of chemicals, alone and in the reaction: • What is the allowable amount? • What is the lethal or hurmfuldose? • Possible ways to Chemical exposure? • Contact with skin or eyes • Swallowing • Inhalation • Injection

  22. Use of chemicals • Type of safety threat? • Corrosive • Explosive • Flammable • Irritative • Reactive • Senstizer • Poisonous

  23. Safety symbols (aşındırıcı) (patlayıcı) (zehirli) (yanıcı) (kanser yapıcı) (zararlı) (tahriş edici) (oksitleyici)

  24. Use of chemicals • Type of safety hazard? • Acute poisoning • Carcinogen • mutagenic • Teratogenic • Physical Properties Of Chemicals • Aerosol • Cryogenic • Dust or particle • Gas • Liquide • Solid • Vapor density • Vapor Pressure • Flammability • Chemical Compatibility

  25. Chemical Storage • Keep all chemicals closed and labeled. • If in the beaker don’t keep more than an hour. • Keep it at minimum amount if possible. • In Markup: • Name of the chemicals • Hazard Warning • Name and tel. Of the user. • Date.

  26. Chemical Storage • Do not store incompatible chemicals together. • Flammable Chemicals • Flash point less then 38 C can be flammable. • Flash point between 38-94C can burn. Like: • Benzene • Alcohols • Hydrogen sulfide • Acetone • Ethers • Organic acids

  27. Chemical Storage • Corrosives • Acids • Oxidiser acids • Perchloric acid • Chromic acid • Nitric acid • Sulfric acid • Mineral Acids • Hydrochloric acid • Hydrofloric acid • Phosphoric acid • Organic Acids • Acetic acid • Formic acid • Butyric acid • Propionic acid • Picric acid • Acrilic acid

  28. Chemicals storage • Keep away the acids from bases and active metals. Like, potassium, magnesium. • Keep away the acids from pissoning vapor producer chemicals. • Keep away the acids from tolune and xylene. • Do not full up the bottles.

  29. Chemicals storage • Bases • Reacts strongly with acids. They cause corrosion. • Ammoniyum hidroksit • Sodyum hidroksit • Kalsiyum hidroksit • Organik aminler • Poisonous chemicals • Should be kept in ventilated enclosures. • Fosfin • Arsin • Osmiyum tetraoksit • Dimetil sulfat • Toluen 2,4-Diisosiyanat • Sodyum azid • 37% formaldahit

  30. Chemicals storage • Separate oxidizing inorganic acids from organic acids or flammable materials. • Organic acids are flammable. • Perchloric ascid ve picric acid requires special care. r.

  31. Chemicals storage • Reactive-Oxidizers • Fire and explosion hazard • Halogens • Ammoniumpersulfate • Hydrogen peroxide • Sodium dichromate • Potassium permanganate • Perchloric acid • Ammonium nitrate

  32. Chemicals storage • Reactive Reductants • Ammonia • Carbon • Metals • Metalhydrades • Phosphorus • Silicon • Sulphur • Keep away from the oxidisers.

  33. Chemicals storage • Water-reactive Chemicals • Sodium • Potassium • Calcium carbide • Phosphoruspentachloride • Peroxide Producers • Diethyl ether • Tetrahydrofuran • Acetaldehide • Isopropyl ether

  34. Handling liquid cryogenics • Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Do not use liquid nitrogenwithout eye glasses or protectivemask . During the transportation of LN use the protective gloves and eye glasses to avoid skin touch and prevent the face.

  35. Equipment for handling liquid nitrogen

  36. Pressurized gasses • Toxic • Flammable • Phyrophoric • Explosive • Reactive • Corrosive • Oxidiser • Choking

  37. Pressurized gasses • High pressurized gases 100-2500 psig DANGEROUS! • Slow action to cylinders. • Do not move without covers! • The cylinder should be kept shackled to the wall! • Use proper ragulating valve. • Do not use damaged cylinders. • Label them as empty or full.

  38. Exposure • Threshold limit value - Time weighted average (TLV-TWA): average exposure on the basis of a 8h/day, 40h/week work schedule • Threshold limit value - Short-term exposure limit (TLV-STEL): spot exposure for a duration of 15 minutes, that cannot be repeated more than 4 times per day • Threshold limit value - Ceiling limit (TLV-C): absolute exposure limit that should not be exceeded at any time

  39. Earthquake • Take the chemicals safety. Valves, lasers, power supplies should be closed. • Depremde devrilecek malzeme olmamalı. In Case Of Earthquake • Please secure yourself first. • Please do not leave the building during the earthquake.

  40. Laser safety • Optical accidents: • Eyes • Skin • High Voltage Sources • Current Sources

  41. Classification of lasers • Class 1: • Continuous watching harmless. • Packed as no one can reach. • Low-power lasers or high-power lasers in the indoor environment.

  42. Classification of lasers • Class 2: • Normally harmless but during the long exposure it would be harmful. • Power: < 1mw

  43. Classification of lasers • Class 3a: • Harmless exposed to short term. But dangerous if collimated. • Power: < 5mW (Laser pointers)

  44. Classification of lasers • Class 3b: • Direct or reftected exposure harmdfull but its scttared light not as harmful. • Power: < 500mW • High power pointers • He-Ne lasers

  45. Classification of lasers • Class 4 • Fully harmful • power >500mW • Eye and Skin damage. Fire causes.

  46. Safety hazards of lasers • Eye or skin damage • Fire • Toxic gases in gas lasers • High Voltage

  47. Safety hazards of lasers • Exposure to Skin or eye to the Laser • Direct exposure • Reflected light • (400nm – 1400nm) permanent damage to the retina • .– Nd:YAG, Yb fiber, Cu-vapor, diode, HeNe,Ar+

  48. Safety hazards of lasers • Retinal damage more seriousthen cornea. Savely use Cornea damage Retinal damage

  49. Safety hazards of lasers • Fire hazard • Electrical circuits • Gases and flammable vapors • To solvents.

  50. Safety hazards of lasers • Gas Hazards • Plastics! • Gas lasers gases

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