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The Neutrino Oscillation Industry

The Neutrino Oscillation Industry. n Sources Solar n (made by nuclear fusion in the sun) Atmospheric n Accelerator n Supernova n Cosmological remnant n Reactor n Energetic Astrophysical Systems. SNO. Water around Heavy Water (D 2 O) Acrylic Vessel. MINOS.

cynthia-pittman
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The Neutrino Oscillation Industry

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  1. The Neutrino Oscillation Industry n Sources • Solar n (made by nuclear fusion in the sun) • Atmospheric n • Accelerator n • Supernova n • Cosmological remnant n • Reactor n • Energetic Astrophysical Systems

  2. SNO Water around Heavy Water (D2O) Acrylic Vessel

  3. MINOS A neutrino beam from Illinois to Minnesota

  4. Outline • Neutrino History • n Oscillations • World Tour of n Experiments • Solar n • Atmospheric n • Long-Baseline Accelerator n • Nu opportunities • Superbeams/ n factories

  5. Testing Oscillations In the design of any neutrino oscillation experiment, you want to measure something (x) which will be different if oscillations exist; e.g. Nevent , R=NC/CC, Nkink In general, x = x(q,Dm2) often x~ x(Pn1n2)

  6. What SNO tells us

  7. nt interaction discovery • DONUT - Fermilab beam dump experiment published 2000 • nt expected from Dstnt decay • 203 n events in photographic emulsion • See 4 events, expect 4.1  1.4 • Background from charm & hadrons 0.41  0.15

  8. Atmospheric n‘s

  9. What we know: q23~45o; Dm223~.001-.01 eV2 q12 &Dm223 SMA, LMA, LOW or just-so sin2q13 < 0.05 What we want to know Dm223 better Which solar solution? See oscillations See t’s ------------------------------------------------ see q13 or limit to 10-3 CP violation Matter effects Sign of Dm223 The truth about n’s

  10. How Long is Long? Definitions of “Long-Baseline” (my use is for accelerator based experiments) • Webster - (long - measuring much, or more than usual, from end-to-end in space or time) • Practical - Off site • Useful (Beam) - The distance from the n source to the detector is much greater than the length of the decay pipe. • Useful (Physics) - L >> En/Dm2

  11. Advertisement • Free monthly neutrino rumor newsletter --~100 lines, send “subscribe” to maury.goodman@anl.gov or see http://www.hep.anl.gov/ndk/longbnews/ • Neutrino Oscillation Industry Web Page http://www.hep.anl.gov/ndk/hypertext/nuindustry.html

  12. Future n spectra

  13. Superbeams • need $ on powerful proton drivers (0.5-4MW) e.g. BNL to Homestake (SD) or WIPP (New Mexico) JHF to Super-Kamiokande Fermilab to Soudan/Homestake/WIPP • more protons yield more n’s • challenges: target cooling; ground water radiation; accelerator and power costs; ne backgrounds • reach in sin22q ~ 10-3

  14. n factory

  15. Conclusion • The n world is one in which there has been much recent progress (n mass; mixing). • New insights are expected soon (KamLAND, Borexino, K2K, MINOS) • Another round of experiments at “superbeams” and n factories will tell us more.

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