1 / 55

Babangida Miya

OVERWEIGHT AS IT RELATE TO HEALTH AND BEAUTY. Babangida Miya. What is overweight????. BMI. BMI…. Body mass index (BMI) weight (kg)/ height squared (m 2 ). BMI is significantly correlated with total body fat content. Obesity.

crystalt
Download Presentation

Babangida Miya

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. OVERWEIGHT AS IT RELATE TO HEALTH AND BEAUTY BabangidaMiya

  2. What is overweight???? BMI

  3. BMI…. • Body mass index (BMI) weight (kg)/ height squared (m2). • BMI is significantly correlated with total body fat content.

  4. Obesity • Obesity is further divided into three separate classes, with Class III obesity being the most extreme of the three. CDC, NHLBI

  5. Facts about overweight and obesity • leading risks for global deaths. • Around 3.4 million DEATHS per year. • 44% of the diabetes burden, • 23% of the ischaemic heart disease burden • 7% to 41% of certain cancer burdens .

  6. WHO global estimates from 2008 • More than 1.4 billion adults, 20 and older, were overweight. • over 200 million men and nearly 300 million women were obese. • Overall, more than 10% of the world’s adult population was obese.

  7. What Causes Obesity? • Energy imbalance over a long period of time. • Energy in > Energy out. • Excess calories and lack of physical activity. Energy balance is like a scale. When calories consumed are greater than calories used, weight gain is the result. CDC

  8. Calories Used • Eating, digestion, sleeping, breathing, and movement. • Excess calories. • Physical activity. Energy Balance Necessary physiological functions Calories in Calories used (consumed) (expended) Physical activity Food/beverages consumed CDC

  9. OverweightThe Right Approach • If your BMI is between 25 and 30 and you are otherwise healthy • Try to avoid gaining any additional weight • Look into healthy ways of losing weight and increasing physical activity NIDDK

  10. OverweightThe Right Approach • BMI is 30 or above, or • BMI is between 25 and 30 and: • You have other health conditions • Waist measures > 35 inches (women) or > 40 inches (men) and: • You have other health conditions Talk to your doctor about losing weight if you fall into any one of the three scenarios: NIDDK

  11. Weight Loss & MaintenanceStrategies to Consider Physical Activity & Diet Therapy

  12. Why Treat Overweight and Obesity? blood pressure serum triglycerides total serum cholesterol low-density lipoprotein cholesterol blood glucose levels Because there is strong evidence that weight loss reduces risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease, such as: NHLBI

  13. Its believed that slender people are much more beautiful and atractive!!!!!

  14. Weight Loss Programs Any safe and effective weight-loss program should include these components: • Healthy eating plans that reduces caloric intake • Regular physical activity and/or exercise instruction • Tips on healthy behavior • Slow and steady weight loss of about ¾ to 2 pounds a week • Medical care if needed • A plan to keep the weight off after you have lost it NIDDK

  15. Weight Loss The key to any successful weight loss is making changes in your eating and physical activity habits that you can keep for the rest of your life. NIDDK

  16. Physical Activity

  17. Physical Inactivity • Many studies show that people are too sedentary. • Due to • Increased use of technology. • Increased use of automobiles. According to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, in 2000 more than 26 percent of adults reported no leisure time physical activity. CDC

  18. Physical Activity • Contributes to weight loss. • Helpful for the prevention of overweight and obesity. • Helps maintain weight loss. CDC

  19. Physical Activity • Occupational work • Carpentry, construction, waiting tables, farming • Household chores • Washing floors or windows, gardening, or yard work • Leisure time activities • Walking, skating, biking, swimming, playing Frisbee, dancing, softball, tennis, football, aerobics CDC

  20. Physical Activity Regular physical activity is good for overall health. • Physical activity decreases the risk for: • Colon cancer • Diabetes • High blood pressure • Physical activity also helps to: • Control weight • Contribute to healthy bones, muscles, and joints • Reduce falls among the elderly • Relieve the pain of arthritis. CDC

  21. How Much Physical Activity a Day? The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommend the following for adults: • To reduce the risk of chronic diseases in adulthood: Engage in at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity, above usual activity, at work or home on most days of the week. • To help manage weight and prevent gradual, unhealthy weight gain inadulthood: Engage in approximately 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity activity on most days of the week while not exceeding caloric intake requirements. • To sustain weight loss in adulthood: • Participate in at least 60 to 90 minutes of daily moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity while not exceeding caloric intake requirements. (Some may need to contact their healthcare provider before participating in this level of activity.) Dietary Guidelines for Americans

  22. How Much Physical Activity a Day? • Any activity helps. • Moderate physical activity brings health benefits. • Make it personal. • Start slowly (10 minute walk/day).

  23. Increasing Physical Activity You can increase your physical activity by taking small steps to change what you do everyday. Women’s Health

  24. How Many Calorie Am I Burning? Calories burned/hour of activity American Heart Association

  25. On the Path to Increased Physical Activity

  26. Before Beginning an Exercise Program • Are a man older than age 40 or a woman older than age 50 • Have had a heart attack • Have a family history of heart-related problems before age 55 • Have heart, lung, liver or kidney disease • Feel pain in your chest, joints, or muscles during physical activity • Have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, arthritis, osteoporosis, or asthma • Have had joint replacement surgery • Smoke • Are overweight or obese • Tale medication to manage a chronic condition • Have an untreated joint or muscle injury, or persistent symptoms after a joint or muscle injury • Are pregnant • Unsure of your health status. You should check with your doctor before beginning an exercise program if you: Mayo Clinic

  27. Health Benefits of Physical Activity

  28. Physical ActivityPrimary Effects on Diabetes Mellitus • Aerobic and resistance types of exercise decrease the incidence of type 2 diabetes. • A modest weight loss through diet and exercise reduces the incidence of diabetes. CMAJ. 2006;174(6): 801-809.

  29. Physical ActivitySecondary Effects on Diabetes Mellitus • Exercise helps in the management of diabetes. • Aerobic and resistance training help in the control of diabetes CMAJ. 2006;174(6): 801-809.

  30. Physical ActivityPrimary Effects on Cancer • Routine activity reduces the incidence cancers. • Activity results in a 30-40% reduction in the relative risk of colon cancer and breast cancer. Moderate physical activity is believed to exhibit a greater protective effect than activities of less intensity. CMAJ. 2006;174(6): 801-809.

  31. Physical ActivitySecondary Effects on Cancer • Regular physical activity - important. • Increased self-reported physical activity = decreased reoccurrence of cancer and a decreased risk of death from cancer. • Reduced cancer-related death. CMAJ. 2006;174(6): 801-809.

  32. Physical ActivityPrimary Effects on Osteoporosis • Many studies have been conducted. • According to findings, routine physical activity, especially weight-bearing and impact exercise, prevents bone loss associated with aging. CMAJ. 2006;174(6): 801-809.

  33. Physical ActivitySecondary Effects on Osteoporosis • Regular physical activity can lead to stronger bones. • Bone responds to physical stress at any age; even in the elderly. Osteoporosis CMAJ. 2006;174(6): 801-809.

  34. Eating for Weight Loss

  35. The Critical Role of Healthy Eating • Good nutrition leads to a healthier life. • Many do not eat based on MyPyramid recommendations. CDC

  36. Food pyramid

  37. U.S. Eating Habits In 2000, the larger majority of U.S. adults reported that they did not consume 5 or more servings of fruits and vegetables/day. 81% 77% 73% CDC. Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System

  38. Dietary Guidelines 2005 • Make half your grains whole • Vary your veggies • Focus on fruit • Get your calcium rich foods • Go lean with protein • Find your balance between food and physical activity MyPyramid, which is the newest Food Guide Pyramid, recommends the following for a healthy lifestyle: MyPyramid: http://mypyramid.gov/

  39. A Healthy Diet • Emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fat-free or low-fat milk, & milk products; • Includes lean meats, poultry, fish, beans, eggs, and nuts • Is low in saturated fats, trans fats, cholesterol, salt (sodium), and added sugars. The 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans defines a healthy diet as one that: MyPyramid: http://mypyramid.gov/

  40. Goals for Weight Management of Weight Lost Weight loss:

  41. Calorie DeficitNeeded For Weight Loss • A calorie deficit of no more than 500 kcal/day. • This can be achievable through the combination of diet + exercise. • An example of how to create a calorie deficit of 500 kcal/day through diet + exercise would be: eating 250 kcal less per day, along with burning 250 calories through exercise ACS

  42. Calorie DeficitNeeded For Weight Loss • Eating 250 kcal less per day: • Leave out mayonnaise in a sandwich • Leave out dessert • Switch from soft drinks to water • Reduce portion sizes • burning 250 calories through exercise: • Walk for 30 minutes • Swimming 25 yards • Bicycling for 30 minutes A caloric deficit of 500 can be done by:

  43. Exercise + DietingCalorie Deficit • Initially physical activity, in combination with dieting, is an important component of weight loss. • However, after around 6 months, physical activity will not lead to substantially greater weight losses when combined with dieting. • The benefit of sustained physical activity thereafter is mainly through its role in the prevention of weight gain. • In addition, it has a benefit in reducing cardiovascular and diabetes risks beyond that produced by weight gain alone. NHLBI

  44. Goals for Weight LossAnd Management • The initial goal of weight loss therapy is to reduce body weight by approximately 10 percent from baseline. Once this goal is achieved, then further weight loss can be attempted, if necessary. • A reasonable time line for a 10 percent reduction in body weight is 6 months. • Experience reveals that lost weight is usually regained unless a weight maintenance program, consisting of diet therapy, physical activity and behavior therapy, is continued indefinitely. NHLBI

  45. Goals for Weight LossAnd Management • For overweight individuals with BMIs in the typical range of 27 to 35 kg/m2, a decrease of 300 to 500 kcal/day will result in weight losses of about ½ to 1 lb per week. • A 10 percent weight loss could be achieved within 6 months. • For more severely obese individuals (BMI > 35), deficits of up to 500 to 1,000 kcal/day will lead to weight losses of about 1 to 2 lb per week. • A 10 percent weight loss could be achieved within 6 months. NHLBI

More Related