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The Redemption Era: South Carolina Politics and Race Relations Post-Civil War

Following the Election of 1876, Wade Hampton's governorship marked a significant shift in South Carolina's political landscape as Democrats “redeemed” the state from Republican control. Hampton favored maintaining the status quo for African Americans, allowing them to vote while other Democrats aimed to disenfranchise them through measures like the Eight Box Law and poll taxes. Ben Tillman's election in 1892 heralded a period of intense white supremacy, violence, and the introduction of literacy tests and the Grandfather Clause to suppress African American voters' rights and solidify poor white supremacy.

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The Redemption Era: South Carolina Politics and Race Relations Post-Civil War

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  1. Redeemers 8-5.4

  2. I. Election of 1876 • Wade Hampton became governor • He was a Democrat • They “redeemed” SC from the Republicans • The antebellum elite were back in power • Wanted to return SC to the way it was before the Civil War

  3. II. Race Relations • Hampton was willing to keep the status quo • Things stay the way they are • AA could vote and keep their other new rights • Other Democrats wanted to disenfranchise AA

  4. II. Race Relations • Used illiteracy to disenfranchise • Eight Box Law • Place your ballot in the box with the right name on it • If you can’t read, how can you be right • Poll tax • Had to pay a tax to vote • Gerrymandering • Redrawing district lines so only one had an AA majority

  5. III. Ben Tillman • In 1892, SC elected Ben Tillman governor • Poor whites loved him • He was a Populist • He was also a white supremacist • He did not want to allow AA to have rights • Lots of violence and lynching toward AA

  6. III. Ben Tillman • Tillman called for a new state constitution • Wanted to replace the 1868 Constitution because it had been written by Republicans • Wanted to control the Democratic Party and limit the rights of AA • Added a literacy test in order to vote • Super hard • Had to pay a pool tax 6 months early

  7. III. Ben Tillman • Grandfather Clause • If your grandfather voted before 1860, you could vote without having to take a test or pay the poll tax • This eliminated AA and allowed poor whites to vote • Separate schools for white and black children

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