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Chapter 33 Deuterostome Animals

Chapter 33 Deuterostome Animals. Mariah Elsenheimer & Dylan Bader. Outline of Chapter 33 . 33.1 – What is a Deuterostome? 33.2- What are the Major groups of Echinoderms and Hemichordates ? 33.3 – What new features evolved in the chordates? 33.4 – How did Vertebrates colonize the land ?

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Chapter 33 Deuterostome Animals

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  1. Chapter 33 Deuterostome Animals Mariah Elsenheimer & Dylan Bader

  2. Outline of Chapter 33 33.1 – What is a Deuterostome? 33.2- What are the Major groups of Echinoderms and Hemichordates ? 33.3 – What new features evolved in the chordates? 33.4 – How did Vertebrates colonize the land ? 33.5 - What traits Characterize the primates?

  3. 33.1 – What is a Deuterostome? Characterized by three early development patterns • Radial cleavage. • Formation of mouth at opposite end of the blastopore. • Development of a Coelom from mesodermal pockets.

  4. Clades compromised by Deuterostomes • Using Smart board

  5. 33.2 – Major groups of Echinoderms and Hemichordates • Echinoderms live in marine environments and only 6 groups are alive today. • A hemichordates body contains three parts and there are about 100 known species living.

  6. Development into Adulthood • The hemichordate change into adulthood is rather normal while the echinoderm undergoes drastic changes. It changes from bilaterally symmetrical larva to pentaradial symmetry.

  7. Chordates • This is the clade that us humans belong to . • The larva is specifically where the evolutionary relationships are evident. There are three clades that chordates compromise, the cephalochordates, the urochordates and the vertebrates. All chordates display three features sometime in their developmental periods.

  8. Features of a Chordate • Notochord – A flexible rod of gelatinous material that serves as support for the embryo. It is the most distinctive feature of chordate but is lost and replaced when the chordate develops into a adult. • The vertebrates are the only chordate that is not primarily living in water. • The vertebrate is the only body plan that supports large and active animals.

  9. 33.4 How Did Vertebrates Colonize the Land? In order for organisms to colonize on land successfully they must Withstand the effects of gravity Minimize water loss Must be able to breath air Adjust their senses so they are suited for air instead of water

  10. Sarcopterygians The Sarcopterygian was an ancestor to the coelacanths, lungfish, and tetrapods. • Coelacanths are large bony, lobe-finned fish. • Lungfish are freshwater fish with either one or two sacs that act as lungs. • Tetrapods are vertebrates with four limbs or whose ancestors had four limbs.

  11. Amphibians Egg of an Amphibian Amphibians are limited to environments with water because they lose water very fast through their skin if they are exposed to dry air.

  12. Reptiles Mammals Mammals are mainly the biggest animals on the planet. Mammals come in a large variety of species. Reptiles are very divers species. They are any tetrapod that is neither a mammal nor a bird.

  13. 33.5 What Traits Characterize Primates Primates can be distinguished by their grasping limbs with opposable digits.

  14. Humans Human ancestors were terrestrial primates that evolved through bipedal locomotion. Over time humans have found new ways to better adapt to everyday life.

  15. References Sadava , D., Life, The science of biology, July 2010, W.H. Freeman Company http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/vertebrates/vertintro.html, Josh Frankel , 12/11/05 http://www.oceanicresearch.org/education/wonders/echinoderm.html , Jonathan Bird , 6/5/07

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