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Optical Phenomena & Other Uses of Light

Optical Phenomena & Other Uses of Light. Types of Optical Phenomena. Total Internal Reflection Atmospheric Refraction Dispersion Lens Aberrations. Total Internal Reflection. The complete reflection of light at the boundary of two transparent media. Total Internal Reflection.

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Optical Phenomena & Other Uses of Light

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  1. Optical Phenomena & Other Uses of Light

  2. Types of Optical Phenomena • Total Internal Reflection • Atmospheric Refraction • Dispersion • Lens Aberrations

  3. Total Internal Reflection The complete reflection of light at the boundary of two transparent media.

  4. Total Internal Reflection Occurs when light travels from a medium with a higher n value to a medium with a lower n value. (ex. From water to air) AIR WATER θc θc = Critical Angle = angle at which total internal reflection occurs.

  5. Total Internal Reflection Snell’s law can be used to find the critical angle. ni (sin θc) = nr (sin 90) sin θc = nr/ni * For total internal reflection to occur, nr is always less than ni.

  6. Total Internal Reflection(Fiber Optics)

  7. Atmospheric Refraction The sun is visible before actual sunrise and after actual sunset.

  8. Atmospheric Refraction (Mirages)

  9. Dispersion Separation of polychromatic light (white light) to its component wavelengths. Light bends more from red to violet.

  10. Dispersion (Rainbows) Rainbows are created by dispersion of light in water droplets.

  11. Lens Aberrations (spherical) Spherical aberrations are caused because spherical surfaces are not the ideal shape with which to make a lens, but they are by far the simplest shape to which glass can be ground and polished. Image imperfections caused by approximations of the focal length in the lens theory.

  12. Lens Aberrations (chromatic) Chromatic aberrations occur when different colors of light focus at different distances behind a lens.

  13. Lens Aberrations (chromatic) Aberration No Aberration - corrected/reduced by using a combination of converging and diverging lenses of two different types of glass.

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