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Comparing Aztec and Incan Civilizations: Politics, Religion, and Economy

This article explores the political, religious, and economic structures of the Aztec and Incan civilizations, highlighting their unique approaches to governance and societal organization. The Aztecs were known for their military conquests and religious practices, whereas the Incas established a vast state with a centralized bureaucracy and extensive public works. Key elements include the role of the Mita system, the importance of military in expansion, and distinct religious beliefs. This comparative analysis aids in understanding the broader context of pre-Columbian American societies.

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Comparing Aztec and Incan Civilizations: Politics, Religion, and Economy

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  1. Journal 37 Compare the Aztecs and Incan civilizations – politically, religiously, and economically. HW: Fill out compare & contrast outline for state building of Byzantine & Tang. Be prepared to write an essay on Aztecs & Mongols FRIDAY in class. December 20 is Unit 3 Test

  2. Chapter 11: Americas, Incas

  3. Inca Empire, 1200s to mid 1500s • 1200: established a kingdom in Valley of Cuzco (in Peru) • 1438: Pachacuti took the throne and expanded empire

  4. Incan Government & Political Unity • Expanded by conquest/military, diplomacy (offer enemy states an honorable surrender) • Professional military • Rulers divided empire into units • Bureaucracy – nobles controlled • Each unit had own government workers

  5. Public Works Projects • Mita – all healthy people had to work for the state for a certain number of years • Peasants expected to give part of harvest to support ruling class & provide famine relief • Built 14,000 miles of roads

  6. No writing system • History memorized and passed through speech • Quipus – knotted cords to record data

  7. Inca Religion • “Virgins of the sun” – unmarried women who had a lifetime of religious service • Sacrificed humans (rarely) – mostly sacrificed goods & animals

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