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Hammurabi’s Code

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  1. Hammurabi’s Code 8th Century BCE

  2. Who is Hammurabi?

  3. A Marker Event in History • Created by Hammurabi, Babylonian king • First known written law code • Examples of punishments for crimes meant to be used as standards • Shows beliefs and customs of Mesopotamian people

  4. Social Distinctions • Identified three distinct classes • Free land owning class – royal family, priests, warriors • Dependent farmers and craftsmen • Slaves

  5. Social Distinctions • Punishments would be based upon social class of lawbreaker. • Wealthy citizens would pay fines, commoners would face physical punishment. • Government had a responsibility for what occurred in society.

  6. All the Women who are independent??? • Lost social standing and freedom with the spread of agriculture • Tied to the responsibilities of the home • Could own property, control dowries, participate in trade • BUT, men controlled political and religious life

  7. If a freeman brings false testimony in a case that carries the death sentence, he shall be put to death.

  8. If a builder builds a house and does not make the construction firm and the house collapses and causes death of the owner, that builder shall be put to death.

  9. If a freeman wants to disinherit his son but the judges find the son has done no grave wrong, the father may not disinherit his son.

  10. If a freeman rents a field but does not cultivate it, he shall pay the owner grain based on the yield of adjoining fields.

  11. If a trader borrows money from a merchant and then denies it, and the merchant can prove this loan was made, the trader shall pay the merchant three times the amount he borrowed.

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