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History of Respiratory Care

History of Respiratory Care. Hoora Owiwi BS, Respiratory Care Dammam University King Fahad Medical City Inaya College. Learning Objectives. Define “respiratory care.” Summarize some of the major events in the history of science & medicine.

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History of Respiratory Care

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  1. History of Respiratory Care Hoora OwiwiBS, Respiratory CareDammam UniversityKing Fahad Medical CityInaya College

  2. Learning Objectives • Define “respiratory care.” • Summarize some of the major events in the history of science & medicine. • Explain how the respiratory care profession got started. • Describe the historical development of the major clinical areas of respiratory care. • Name some of the important historical figures in respiratory care.

  3. Generally speaking, advances in the science and technology in the 20th century have lead to various therapeutic and diagnostic methods. • Subspecialties have emerged.

  4. pressure tanks (iron lung) were used to help patients breathe. 1930 by Alfred Jones

  5. In 1895, Karl Von Linda used the method of fractional distillation of liquefied air to produce oxygen. • In 1940s, oxygen was available in almost every hospital in USA. • Oxygen was supplied and delivered to patients by • ( Oxygen technicians)

  6. During world war II (WWII), demand breathing valves and nonbreathing masks were used by pilot. • These devices were used in medicine to deliver controlled percentage of oxygen and used in nebulizers. • The role of Oxygen technicians expanded to include aerosol therapy. • Oxygen technicians became • ( Inhalation Therapy technician)

  7. In 1943, Albert Andrews, proposed the departmental structural of therapy department. • This suggestion was copied across US and Canada. • Edward Levin, Chest physician in Chicago Hospital started the inhalation therapy program in 1943. • Better trained inhalation therapy technicians started to replace oxygen technicians

  8. Development of the Respiratory Care Profession • 1940s: technicians hauled O2 cylinders & apply O2 delivery devices • 1950s: positive-pressure breathing devices applied to patients • 1960s: Formal education programs for inhalation therapists • Development of sophisticated mechanical ventilators in the 1960s expanded role of respiratory therapist (RT)

  9. Development of the Respiratory Care Profession (cont.) RTs responsible for arterial blood gas & pulmonary function laboratories 1974: designation “respiratory therapist” becomes standard Practice of Respiratory Therapy, originally U.S. & Canada now expands globally 1980: Respiratory Care Week established nationally to promote profession & importance of good lung health

  10. Development of the Respiratory Care Profession (cont.) 1960s: Clark electrode first developed - allows measurement of arterial PO2 1974: Ear oximeter invented 1980s: Pulse oximeter invented 1960: Venti mask to deliver specific FIO2 introduced 1970s: Portable liquid O2 systems for long-term oxygen therapy (LTOT) in home introduced

  11. Development of the Respiratory Care Profession (cont.) • Mechanical Ventilation • 1928: Iron lung introduced by Philip Drinker • 1940s-1950s: Jack Emerson develops improved version of iron lung used for polio victims • 1950s: Negative-pressure “wrap” ventilator introduced

  12. Development of the Respiratory Care Profession

  13. Development of the Respiratory Care Profession

  14. Development of the Respiratory Care Profession

  15. Professional Organizations Inhalation Therapy Association (ITA) founded in 1947 ITA became American Association for Inhalation Therapists (AAIT) founded in 1954 AAIT became American Association for Respiratory Therapy (AART) founded 1973 AART became American Association for Respiratory Care (AARC) founded in 1982

  16. Professional Organizations (cont.) 1980s: state licensure for RTs begins State licensure based on RTs passing entry level exam offered by National Board for Respiratory Care (NBRC) NBRC offers certification & registry examination for RTs State licensing laws set minimum educational requirements & determine competence to practice

  17. Respiratory Care Education 1950: First formal RT program was offered in Chicago 1960s: Programs multiply - many hospital based Currently: Associates (AS) Degree in Respiratory Care (RC) is minimum educational requirement AS Degree’s represent majority of all educational programs More than 350 RT education programs exist in U.S. 2003: AARC formally encourages development of baccalaureate & graduate education in RC

  18. Respiratory Care Education • RT’s of future will focus more on: • Prevention • Protocol administration • Care plan development • Disease management & rehabilitation • Family & patient education • Tobacco cessation counseling

  19. Future of Respiratory Care (cont.) • Task force concludes: RT’s need to be competent in 7 major areas by 2015: • Diagnostics • Chronic disease state management • Evidence-based medicine & Respiratory Care protocols • Patient Assessment • Leadership • Emergency & Critical Care • Therapeutics

  20. How the profession evolves: • Great development in techniques of respiratory therapy. • Expansion of the use of these techniques to a Varity of clinical conditions • Increasing the demand for skilled respiratory therapists • Raised the need for an appropriate organization to implement and monitor education and clinical training of adequate number of personnel.

  21. American Association for Respiratory Care • AARC • www.aarc.org

  22. History of the RC profession in Saudi Arabia • 1980, Ministry of defense sent students to US to join training program in RT • National Guard also sent students to the US for the same propose • Military hospital in Riyadh has established a diploma with loma Linda university • KFMMC started a diploma in the RT • King faisal university (Dammam University) started the BS in RC in 1419

  23. Professional Organizations OF RC in KSA • December 5, 2004 the first meeting was held in Riyadh to elect the first board of the • (Saudi Respiratory Care Group) • 2005, KFU approved the request to establish the first Saudi Society For Respiratory Care

  24. SSRC www.SSRC.org.sa

  25. THANK YOU

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