GHSGT in Social Studies

1. GHSGT in Social Studies McEachern High School

2. Social StudiesGHSGT • 90 multiple-choice questions. • 4 possible answer choices; only one is the correct answer. • You should be able to complete the test in 60 minutes. However, you have up to 3 hours and 10 minutes if needed.

3. Social StudiesGHSGT Domains • Domain 1: American Government/Civics (18%) • Domain 2: U.S. History to 1865 (26%) • Domain 3: U.S. History since 1865 (25%) • Domain 4: Geography (13%) • Domain 5: World History (18%) • Map and Globe Skills and Information Processing Skills

4. American Government/Civics(18% of test) • These items test your knowledge of the philosophical foundations of the U.S. government and how that philosophy developed into the structure and function of the U.S. government. • Also tested is your knowledge of the U.S. government’s relationship to states and to its citizens.

5. US History(51% of test) • U.S. History to 1865 (approximately 26% of the test) • These items test your knowledge of major events and themes in U.S. history from early European colonization to the end of the Civil War. • U.S. History since 1865 (approximately 25% of the test) • These items test your knowledge of major events and themes in U.S. history from Reconstruction to the late twentieth century.

6. World Geography(13% of test) • These items test your knowledge of the importance and impact of physical and cultural geography on the development of regions throughout the world. • Assessment of this domain will focus on geography content that you will have had an opportunity to learn in your study of World History and U.S. History.

7. World History(18% of test) • Although the GPS World History standards begin in pre-history and extend to the early days of the twenty-first century, items in this domain will test your knowledge of major events and themes beginning with the Renaissance and Reformation period and ending in the second half of the twentieth century.

8. Map & Globe Skills &Information Processing Skills • Found in the transitional test content description but not assessed as separate domains. • These Social Studies skills are included in the content of test questions as appropriate.

9. Social StudiesGHSGT DOK • The questions on the test require a range of thinking skills. • You may be asked to identify, describe, explain, analyze, or evaluate important events, themes, and concepts. • Some questions may involve reading a short excerpt from a primary or secondary source; others may require you to interpret a map, graph, or table.

10. Social StudiesGHSGT DOK Level 1 Depth of Knowledge • Some items will ask you to recall facts • Who, what, when, and where questions. • Often ask you to identify • Measure your ability to recall important facts

11. Social StudiesGHSGT DOK Level 2 Depth of Knowledge • Many questions will involve more complex mental processes than simply recalling facts. • describe or explain people, places, events, and concepts • demonstrate understanding of cause and effect • contrast or compare, give examples, or classify

12. Social StudiesGHSGT DOK Level 3 Depth of Knowledge • You should expect to see many challenging questions on the test. • analyze or evaluate information • draw conclusions; show evidence; apply concepts to new situations • use concepts to solve problems; analyze similarities and differences in issues and problems; make connections

13. Sample QuestionDOK 1 1. Based on the U.S. Constitution, which development would cause a state to gain representation in the House of Representatives? A. the election of a governor B. the election of a president C. the growth of a state’s population D. the creation of a new state political party

14. Sample QuestionDOK 1 • American Government/Civics Standard 9: • The student will explain the differences between the House of Representatives and the Senate, with emphasis on terms of office, powers, organization, leadership, and representation of each house. • An important difference between the House of Representatives and the Senate is that representation in the House is based on a state’s population. • The correct answer is C.

15. Sample QuestionDOK 2 2. The term Manifest Destiny directly relates to which recurring theme in U.S. history during the 1800s? A. abolition B. federalism C. social reform D. territorial expansion

16. Sample QuestionDOK 2 • U.S. History Standard 7b: • Describe the westward growth of the United States; include the emerging concept of Manifest Destiny. • Explaining the growth of the United States in the first half of the 19th century includes the ability to describe the meaning of Manifest Destiny. • The correct answer is D.

17. Sample QuestionDOK 3 Use this map to answer the question. 3. Which factor has had the greatest influence on shaping human culture in the shaded region on the map? A. religion B. agriculture C. urbanization D. democratization

18. Sample QuestionDOK 3 • World Geography Standard 3e: • Explain the impact of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam on the development of [contemporary Northern Africa and Southwest Asia’s] culture. • You have studied 20th century political events including ethnic conflicts and new nationalisms (World History Standards 19 and 20). You should be familiar with the influence of Islam in the shaded region on the map. • The correct answer is A.

19. Test Taking Strategies • Read everything carefully. • Many of the GHSGT questions include quotations, maps, diagrams, tables, or graphs. You should read all parts of each test item very carefully, including directions, questions, and all four answer choices.

20. Test Taking Strategies • Remember that there are no trick questions. • The questions are not designed to be tricky. If you read the entire question, including all accompanying material. • Think carefully about what the question is asking. • You may be looking for the best answer among the choices. If so, the word best will be emphasized.

21. Test Taking Strategies • Sometimes questions ask you for the choice that is not correct among the options. • Always notice words such as not, except, or butin the question. These words tell you to look for a choice that does not answer or complete the item stem correctly. • For example, you might be asked: • Which power is not given to the Senate by the U.S. Constitution? • You should look for the answer that does not include a power of the Senate. • Three of the choices will be powers given to the Senate.

22. Test Taking Strategies • Consider every choice. • From the four answer choices, you must choose the one that best answers the question. • Some of the alternative choices (distracters) will be attractive because they include an irrelevant detail, a common misconception, or the correct information applied in the wrong way.

23. Test Taking Strategies • Guess intelligently. • There is no penalty for guessing on any GHSGT • Guessing is easier if you can eliminate one or more distracters as clearly incorrect. • Be warned, however, that many of the distracters are very attractive because they are based on common mistakes students make

24. Test Taking Strategies • Spend test time wisely. • Many tests are arranged so that the easier items are first and the harder items are last. • The GHSGT is not arranged in this way. Therefore, it is possible to find several difficult questions followed by a set of easier questions later. • If you come to a few hard questions, do not get discouraged. It would be better to move on, answer as many questions as possible, and then go back to answer the remaining questions.

25. Preparing for the Test • The Social Studies Student Guide from the GADOE (on SS page of school website) • Describes the content that you can expect to find on the test. • Provides sample test items on pages 11–18 that are representative of test items that assess content knowledge of each of the five domains • 35 questions practice test on pages 19–33 to help you prepare to take the actual test.

26. Preparing for the Test • USA Test Prep • http://www.usatestprep.com/front/index.php • Username: mceachern Activation Code: Newton25 • Georgia Online Assessment System • https://www.georgiaoas.org • Login is your GTID # which you can get from your teacher.

27. Social Studies Skills Practice for the GHSGT Information Processing Exercises to practice your Social Studies Skills http://www.phschool.com/curriculum_support/ss_skills_tutor/ General Test Taking Strategies 10 Tips for Terrific Test Takinghttp://www.studygs.net/tsttak1.htm Hints for Multiple Choice Testshttp://www.studygs.net/tsttak3.htm Practice Tests Online Practice Test - Social Studies Skills http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/student.assessment/resources/online/2003/grade10/socialstudies.htm Regents Test Prep - U.S. History & Governmenthttp://regentsprep.org/Regents/ushisgov/onlineresources/index.htm Vocabulary Practice with Quizlet GEOGRAPHY TERMS - humanhttp://quizlet.com/491882/ghsgt-geography-flash-cards/ GEOGRAPHY TERMS - physicalhttp://quizlet.com/492079/ghsgt-geography-physical-flash-cards/ EARLY U.S. HISTORY TERMShttp://quizlet.com/491898/ghsgt-us-1-flash-cards/ LATER U.S. HISTORY TERMShttp://quizlet.com/491918/ghsgt-us-2-flash-cards/ ECONOMICS TERMShttp://quizlet.com/492039/ghsgt-economics-flash-cards/ WORLD HISTORY TERMShttp://quizlet.com/492140/ghsgt-world-history-flash-cards/

28. MapSkills

29. When you approach a GHSGT or EOCT question that contains a MAP, be sure to: Read the map TITLE first Check the LEGEND or KEY for symbols “Read” the map – see where and how the symbols are used Remember, “to” is where you are going; “from” is where you started! Read all maps carefully, follow any arrows and other clues provided WRITE ON THE TEST!!! (Remember to DO this)

30. Sample Map Legends

31. Find these Map Features on the next slide… Map Title Legend/Key Directional Indicator Scale

32. TITLE COMPASS ROSE LEGEND SCALE

33. Find on this Map • The TITLE • Information shared in the LEGEND/KEY • The DIRECTIONAL INDICATOR • Region of this country with the highest elevation • Two cities located in the lowest elevation region • Body of water that borders this country • City that is further north: Rustavi or Poti • City that is further east: Gori or Batumi • Two countries that border Georgia • Importance of Mt. Elbrus • Capital city of Georgia • Approximate distance in miles from Sokhumi to Rustavi

34. LATITUDE = imaginary lines that measure distance north and south of the EquatorLONGITUDE = imaginary lines that measure distance east and west of the Prime Meridian

35. ARCTIC ZONE N TEMPERATE ZONE TROPICAL ZONE TEMPERATE ZONE ARCTIC ZONE

36. Climate Zones Explained TROPICS North and south of Equator, between 22.5°N and 22.5°S Warmest climate region Sun’s direct rays always shine here ARCTIC ZONES North of 66.5°N and south of 66.5°S Coldest climate regions Sun’s rays are never direct/winter season has very long nights/summer has very long days TEMPERATE ZONES Between Tropics and Arctic Zones in both hemispheres Temperatures are moderate – neither extremely cold nor extremely hot for long periods of time

38. World History

39. World History Students of World History must understand major events and themes in world history from the Renaissance and Reformation period to the second half of the twentieth century. Assessment of this domain focuses on students’ ability to describe, explain, analyze, and evaluate important events, themes, and concepts from the Italian Renaissance to developments related to globalization in the late 1900s. Assessment of World History includes items that require students to interpret primary source material, maps, graphs, and charts as well as apply geographical knowledge to very specific historical events.

40. Explain the military and diplomatic negotiations between the leaders of Great Britain (Churchill), the Soviet Union (Stalin), and the United States (Roosevelt/Truman) from Tehran to Yalta and Potsdam and the impact on the nations of Eastern Europe. • WWII victors formed a new peacekeeping organization-the United Nations. • Major world powers were made part of the U.N. Security Council. • Each member has veto power over peacekeeping and other operations. • Germany was divided into four zones-each was occupied by an allied power. • An ‘iron curtain” divided the democratic West and the Communist East. • Military alliances of NATO and Warsaw Pact are formed.

41. Practice 1. Which newspaper headline illustrates a policy of appeasement? a. “Dien Bien Phu Falls; French to Leave Vietnam” b. “Chamberlain Agrees to German Demands: Sudetenland to Germany” c. “Marshall Plan Proposes Economic Aid Program for Europe” d. “Soviet Troops and Tanks Crush Hungarian Revolt”

42. SSWH19abc • The student will demonstrate an understanding of the global social, economic, and political impact of the Cold War and decolonization from 1945 to 1989. • Analyze the revolutionary movements in India (Gandhi, Nehru), China (Mao Zedong), and Ghana. • Describe the formation of the state of Israel. • Explain the arms race; include the development of the hydrogen bomb (1954) and SALT.

43. Analyze the revolutionary movements in India (Gandhi, Nehru), China (Mao Zedong), and Ghana. • India-first major country to gain independence after WWII, led by Mohandas Gandhi, non-violent resistance, protest of “salt-tax”, boycott British goods, India divided into India and Pakistan to prevent Muslim-Hindu violence. • Ghana-led by Kwame Nkrumah, used Gandhi’s non-violent methods, Gold Coast won independence in 1957, changed name to Ghana.

44. Practice 1. Mohandas Gandhi used his philosophy of nonviolent non-cooperation in an effort to a. form a Marxist government in India. b. convince his fellow Indians to support the Allies in WWII. c. persuade Pakistanis to separate from India. d. achieve India’s independence from Great Britain. • In 1947, the Indian subcontinent became independent and was divided into India and Pakistan. The division recognized the • Hostility between religious groups. • Strength of Fascism. • Natural geographic boundaries. • Existing tribal divisions.

45. Describe the formation of the state of Israel. • Zionism-movement calling for Jews around the world to emigrate to Palestine-increased after the Holocaust. • The U.N. voted to create the country of Israel as a Jewish homeland. • Arab nations refused to recognize the new state. • Israel was attacked but victorious in 1956, 1967, and 1973 (added territory of Gaza Strip, Sinai Peninsula, West Bank, and Golan Heights).

46. Describe the formation of the state of Israel. • Camp David Accords-Egypt president (Anwar Sadat), Israeli prime minister (Menachim Begin), and US president (Jimmy Carter) agreed that Israel would return lands in exchange for peace. • PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) is formed. • Vowed to win back their homeland. • Used terrorism as political weapon.

47. Practice • Which event changed the political landscape of the Middle East in 1948? • The U.S. seizure of oil fields. • The British takeover of Palestine. • The creation of the state of Israel. • The collapse of the Ottoman Empire.

48. Explain the arms race; include the development of the hydrogen bomb (1954) and SALT. • US was the only country to create and use the atomic bomb during WWII, Soviets soon developed their own. • Cold War competition turned into a race to see who could build the most deadly weapons. • Hydrogen bomb-1000x the power of atom bomb • ICBM-could carry nuclear warheads across the world • Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962-Russia had nuclear bombs in Cuba, US had them in Turkey. • Both sides agreed to remove the weapons • Very narrowly escaped nuclear war • SALT-series of meetings in the 1970’s were both sides agreed to limit the nuclear stocks

49. Practice • How did the effort to build a Hydrogen bomb in the 1950 affect U.S.-Soviet relations? • It united scientists from both nations. • It increased the nation’s fear of one another. • It led both nations to join the same treaty alliance. • It caused direct conflict between the nations.

50. SSWH20ac • The student will examine change and continuity in the world since the 1960’s. • Identify ethnic conflicts and new nationalisms; include pan-Africanism, pan-Arabism, and the conflicts in Bosnia-Herzegovina and Rwanda. • Analyze terrorism as a form of warfare in the 20th century; include Shining Path, Red Brigade, Hamas, and Al Qaeda; and analyze the impact of terrorism on daily life; include travel, world energy supplies, and financial markets.