句型我最行

1. 句型我最行 --現在完成式文法大觀

2. 現在完成式的意義 • 現在完成式表示動作或狀態在於過去某個非特定時發生,持續到現在為止的動作結果或狀態. • 句型為:

3. 現在完成式的用法 1.描述過去開始的動作或情況繼續到現在。 Ex. I have lived here for ten years. (表示我現在還住在這裡)

4. 現在完成式的用法 2.描述過去某時發生的動作(或 說話之前的經驗)可能現在或 在未來重複發生. Ex. I have visited New York once. (這表示我可能再去紐約)

5. 現在完成式的用法 3.描述一種動作在說話之前已完成, 且強調此動作與現狀有關. Ex. I have opened the window. (表示窗子仍然開著) Ex. I have caught a cold. (表示我感冒還沒好)

6. 簡單過去式與現在完成式的比較 • 簡單過去式: 表示活動發生於過去的特定時間 Ex. I ate dinner yesterday evening. • 現在完成式: 表示動作或狀態發生於過去的非特定時間,持續到現在.故句中無須陳述過去特定時間,而是著重從過去到現在為止的動作,狀態或經驗. Ex. I have already eaten dinner.

7. 過去分詞分類大考驗 仔細看看以下的投影片,這些動詞變化,究竟有沒有規則可循呢?

10. 你發現了嗎? • 一般而言,規則動詞的過去式與過去分詞相同,都是現在簡單式動詞原形字尾加ed或d或去y加ied,或重複字尾加ed. Ex. stay-stayed-stayed like-liked-liked try-tried-tried stop-stopped-stopped

11. 除了以上的規則變化的動詞外,其他則為不規則變化.不規則動詞的動詞三態(現在式-過去式-過去分詞)可分為四種類型:除了以上的規則變化的動詞外,其他則為不規則變化.不規則動詞的動詞三態(現在式-過去式-過去分詞)可分為四種類型: 1.A-A-A型:現在簡單式、過去式和過去分詞皆相同 Ex. put、put、put；cut、cut、cut 2.A-B-A型:現在簡單式和過去分詞一樣, 但與過去式不同 Ex. come、came、come；run、ran、run

12. 3.A-B-B型:過去式和過去分詞一樣,但與現在簡單式不同.3.A-B-B型:過去式和過去分詞一樣,但與現在簡單式不同. Ex. feel、felt、felt； hear、heard、heard say、said、said； teach、taught、taught 4.A-B-C型:現在簡單式、過去式和過去分詞皆不同 Ex. ride、rode、ridden； swim、swam、swum； eat、ate、eaten； give、gave、given

13. 句型1

14. 1-a. he/ brush his teeth

15. 1-a. Has he brushed his teeth (yet)?Yes, he has (already) brushed his teeth.

16. 1-b. you/ see the movie

17. 1-b.Have you seen the movie (yet)?No, I haven’t seen the movie.

18. 1-c. Claire/ read the newspaper

19. 1-c. Has Claire read the newspaper (yet)?Yes, she has (already) read the newspaper.

20. 1-d.your cousin/ finish his report

21. 1-d. Has your cousin finished his report (yet)?No, he hasn’t finished his report (yet).

22. 1-e.his grandma/ take her medicine

23. 1-e. Has his grandma taken her medicine(yet)?No, she hasn’t taken her medicine (yet).

24. 1-f. he/ have breakfast

25. 1-f.Has he had breakfast (yet)?Yes, he has (already) had breakfast.

26. 句型2

27. 2-a. she/be a police officer/last month

28. 2-a.How long has she been a police officer?She has been a police officer since last month.

29. 2-b.Peter/write the letter/two hours

30. 2-b. How long has Peter written the letter?He has written the letter for two hours.

31. 2-c. you/be a dentist/2001

32. 2-c.How long have you been a dentist?I have been a dentist since 2001.

33. 2-d. Sara/teach English/only two weeks

34. 2-d. How long has Sara taught English? She has taught English for only two weeks.

35. 句型3

36. Ex. Evonne is beautiful. Evonne is polite. Evonne is not only beautiful but also polite

37. The cats are fat.The cats are lazy. The cats are not only fat but also lazy.

38. 3-a. the dog/cute/smart

39. 3-a. The dog is not only cute but also smart.

40. 3-b. the boy/lazy/dirty

41. 3-b.The boy is not only lazy but also dirty.

42. 3-c. Sara’s husband/ handsome/polite

43. 3-c.Sara’s husband is not only long but also boring.

44. 3-d. the movie/long/boring

45. 3-d. The movie is not only long but also boring.

46. 3-e. the man/ hungry/thirsty

47. 3-e.The man is not only hungry but also thirsty.

48. 3-f.Ken’s wife/beautiful/kind

49. 3-f. Ken’s wife is not only beautiful but also kind.

50. You are so great! Let’s take a rest.