Drupal Training Series

1. Drupal Training Series Foundations for OSU Drupal 6: 201: Developing Site Structures

2. What We’ll Be Covering… • Getting Started • About the Assignment • About the Project • Understanding Systems • Overview • Books • Overview • Ex. 01 Enable Book Navigation Block • Ex. 02 Start a Book • Ex. 03 Outline a Book • Ex. 04 Create Methods Section • Taxonomy • Overview • Ex. 05 Taxonomy Drill-Down • Ex. 06 Create the Meal Vocabulary • Ex. 07 Create the Course Vocabulary • Ex. 08 Create Cooking Method Vocabulary • Ex.09 Taxonomy Imports • Ex. 10 Tagging Time • Glossary • Overview • Ex. 11 Configure Glossary • Summary

3. For Self-Study Users • To complete this workshop you will need a personal training site. • To acquire a personal training site, please go to http://oregonstate.edu/cws/contact, submit a CWS Help Ticket, and one in the body area of the help ticket submission form. • Please also provide your ONID username (not your password, just your username) when you submit your request. • All sites in the drupaldev domain, including both personal training sites and development sites, are limited to on-campus access. To connect to your training site from off campus you must use the VPN service supplied by Network Services. Please go to http://oregonstate.edu/helpdocs/vpn-campus-access for more information.

4. Getting Started • As a reminder, to get to your personal development site go to: • http://drupaldev.cws.oregonstate.edu/training/<yourONIDname>/login • From there, log in with your ONID information. • After logging in, please open a second tab in your browser and go to CWS Training at • http://oregonstate.edu/cws/training • Click on the Training Materials image in the right sidebar, then locate the name of this workshop in the list and click it. This will take you to a page describing the course with download links at the bottom of the page. • Download the lab materials to your desktop and unzip them.

5. Assignment • Participants should have one piece of content built prior to beginning this workshop • This piece of content will serve as the Home page for our website project • The Home page should be listed within the Primary links menu, which should display on the top horizontal menu bar on your screen

6. The Project • The project we’ll be working on, from this point onward, is a website centered around food. • This website, titled Food for Thought, has two goals: • Provide a wide collection of searchable recipes • Provide advice on how to use different methods and common utensils • The audience consists of: • Ages 13+ • Male & Female • English speakers

7. Understanding Systems: Overview • Websites can grow to be complex • Many different forms of media. • Many internal parts / pages. • External relationships may exist as well. • Often these parts depend on each other to achieve some desired function or effect. • When there is a dependency between two or more objects or elements, and one or more of those elements changes, it may affect the other parts as well. • This is why a good understanding of systems and how they work is very helpful.

8. Understanding Systems: What is a System? System: a regularly interacting or interdependent group of items forming a unified whole (http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/system) Just about everything is a system of something. Think about it… Even Atoms System of Protons, Neutrons & Electrons Our Bodies Multiple Biological Systems Families Systems of People

9. Understanding Systems: A Website is a System • A website is an information system which consists of several different systems working together to make it all happen • Back-end • The hardware required to store and distribute electronic files. • Web Servers • Database Servers • The programming required for hardware to communicate and perform particular tasks. • HTML • PHP • Front-end • The User Interface (UI) we see on our computer monitors . • This is how we “communicate” with the equipment. • Most importantly, this is how we communicate with our audience. • As OSU Drupal 6 site builders, we will be both interacting with, and building, a large part of the front-end

10. Understanding Systems: System Development • There are two main systems we’ll be working with in this workshop: • Navigation System • Creating well-formed, logical menus. • Classification System • Creating a solid base for tagging and organizing site content. • Solid development of both of these systems provides: • Higher degree of usability • System optimization • Often, the development of one of these systems will lend itself nicely to the development of the other

11. Understanding Systems: System Development – Tools & Methods – Site Map Cooking Methods Book • To get started, it’s a good idea to have at least a rough idea of how the website should be formed • A site map is a good, graphic tool, for fitting everything together • This site map should include, at a minimum: • Title / Content • Should be meaningful, concise, and somewhat define purpose. • Content Type • How Content Relates • At left is a very basic frame on which we’ll build our Food for Thought website on Equipment CCK Methods Book Conversions Book Handling Methods Book Cooking Companion Book Title Relationship Food for Thought Home Page Content Type FFT People CCK Recipes CCK

12. Understanding Systems: System Development – Tools & Methods – Narrative • The site map, shown previously, is a good general guide to the structural components of our site • Additionally, we should have some idea of the intended function that each of the major components serves – a narrative will serve this purpose nicely

13. Books: Overview • All default access roles in OSU Drupal 6 have the ability to greatly affect what is displayed on a site. • The system most at risk in a multi-user OSU Drupal 6 site is the navigation system. Ironically, this system is, by and large, the most important tool provided to the audience. • It deserves some careful planning, communication, and maintenance. • There are some tools available to help optimize the navigation system of a Drupal site – the most obvious one is the Books feature. • When used in conjunction with a well-communicated workflow plan, this tool will help both organize and partially automate the menu development on a Drupal site.

14. Books: Ex. 01 Enable Book Navigation Block • We’re going to be working with some Book navigation menu items in this workshop • To view this menu block, we’ll have to enable it first by doing the following: • In the Admin menu go to Site building > Blocks. • Scroll down to the Disabled group and locate the Book navigation block. • Select the Right sidebar option from the drop-down menu. • Click the Save blocks button. • Note: to learn more about blocks, check out the Drupal 6 Engineering Blocks workshop. 3 2 4

15. Books: Ex. 01 Enable Book Navigation Block – Missing Block • Click on your Home page link to view the set up. • Note that the Book navigation block doesn’t show, even though your Blocks page says the block is enabled. • This is simply due to the fact that we don’t have any Bookpages created yet.

16. Books: Revisiting Books • The Book page content type was introduced, initially, in the Drupal 6 Content Types Workshop. • As a refresher, this content type has some great features in terms of developing the structure of a site: • Relates appropriate content together with Parent / Child pages. • Provides a degree of automation to menu development. • Remember, the Book page content type is intended for hierarchical content. Think of it in the same fashion as you would a traditional book – with a main topic and supporting chapters

17. Books: Using the Site Map • The site map provided at the beginning of this workshop displays a small step towards outlining a Drupal Book. • The Cooking Companion section of this site will be the focus for our Book building efforts. • As shown at left in the site map, the Equipment category within our Cooking Companion book will consist of its own custom content type. This will be addressed in a future workshop. Cooking Methods Book Equipment CCK Methods Book Conversions Book Handling Methods Book Cooking Companion Book Food for Thought Home Page FFT People CCK Recipes CCK

18. Cooking Methods Book Methods Book Conversions Book Handling Methods Book Cooking Companion Book Books: Ex. 02 Start a Book • Let’s start by creating the ParentBook page, titled Cooking Companion: • In the Admin menu, click on Content management > Create Content > Book page. 1

19. Books: Ex. 02 Start a Book – Cooking Companion Parent Page • Create the Parent Book page: • Title field = Cooking Companion • Body field = paste lab materials in • Section Ex. 02a • ex-02a.png • Input format = Full HTML • Book outline field= <create a new book> 1 2 3 4

20. Books: Ex. 02 Start a Book – Cooking Companion Parent Page – Preview & Save • Save your Cooking Companion parent page. After saving, note the appearance of the Book navigation menu.

21. Books: Ex. 02 Start a Book – Add Conversions Child Page • According to the our Site Map, the ConversionsChild Book page has nothing stemming from it, so let’s quickly create this node as well: • Scroll to the bottom of the Cooking CompanionParent page and click on the Add child page link. Cooking Methods Book Methods Book Conversions Book Handling Methods Book Cooking Companion Book 1

22. Books: Ex. 02 Start a Book – Enter Conversions Child Page Data 2 1 • To create the Child Book page: • Title = Conversions • Body = paste lab materials in • Open and copy the ex-02b.txt file. • Click the HTML Source Editor button in the WYSIWYG editor. • Paste the content into the HTML Source Editor dialog box. • Click the Update button. • Input format = Full HTML 3

23. Books: Ex. 02 Start a Book – Add Conversions Child Page – Preview & Save • Preview the Conversions page. • If satisfied with the results, click the Save button.

24. Cooking Methods Book Methods Book Conversions Book Handling Methods Book Cooking Companion Book Books: Outline a Book • Outlining a written piece of work simply means to take a broad topic and break it down into smaller pieces that support the main topic • A great example of an outline is to look at the Table of Contents of any textbook. Generally each chapter contains a descriptive title and probably contains several points of interest. Larger works may be split into Parts. • The site map is a start at outlining, but it really just points us in the general direction. We’re left with the Methods group and its children: Cooking and Handling & Preservation. Let’s outline the Methods group.

25. Methods Book Handling & Preservation Book Cooking Book Handling Book Preservation Book Books: Ex. 03 Outline a Book • According to our summary, the content that will exist in the Methods group will be “a categorized collection of techniques and tips for the cooking, handling, and preservation of food” • How could these sub-groups be further outlined? • What are some different Cooking Methods? • What about Handling? Preservation?

26. Methods Book Handling & Preservation Book Cooking Book Handling Book Preservation Book B-B-Q & A Child Book Page Baker’s Dozen Child Book Page Meat Prep Child Book Page Canning Child Book Page Get the Skinny Child Book Page Fruit & Veg Prep Child Book Page Dehydrating Child Book Page Joe’s Diner Child Book Page Food Safety Child Book Page Pickling Child Book Page Books: Ex. 03 Outline a Book – Finalized Book Outline • Our site map is starting to show some signs of advanced structure. • Now it’s time to set it all up. • We won’t be creating full pages for everything – instead, we’ll include content in the top three pages and then just get the others started.

27. Books: Ex. 04 Create Methods Section • Start by creating the Methodspage: • From the Cooking Companion Parent node, click on the Add child page link. • Title = Methods • Body = use lab materials: • SectionEx. 04a • Fileex-04a.png • Input format = Full HTML • Preview and Save • The results should appear similar to the example shown.

28. Parent =Methods • Title field = Cooking • Body field = use lab materials: • Section Ex. 04b • Input format option = Full HTML • Preview and Save • Parent =Methods • Title field = Handling & Preservation • Body field = use lab materials: • Section Ex. 04c • Input format option = Full HTML • Preview and Save Books: Ex. 04 Create Methods Section – Methods Child Pages – Now You Do It • Now it’s time to quickly build the Cooking and Handling & Preservation sections, which are both children of Methods.

29. Parent =Cooking • Title field = B-B-Q & A • Body field = use lab materials: • Section Ex. 04d • Input format option = Full HTML • Preview and Save • Parent =Cooking • Title field = Baker’s Dozen • Body field = use lab materials: • Section Ex. 04d • Input format option = Full HTML • Preview and Save • Parent =Cooking • Title field = Get the Skinny • Body field = use lab materials: • Section Ex. 04d • Input format option = Full HTML • Preview and Save • Parent =Cooking • Title field = Joe’s Diner • Body field = use lab materials: • Section Ex. 04d • Input format field = Full HTML • Preview and Save Books: Ex. 04 Create Methods Section – Cooking Child Pages – Now You Do It • Create the child pages of Cooking

30. Parent = • Food Handling • Title field = • Meat Preparation • Body field = • none • Input format option = • Full HTML • Save • Parent = • Food Handling • Title field = • Fruit & Vegetable Preparation • Body field = • none • Input format option= • Full HTML • Save • Parent = • Food Handling • Title field= • Food Safety • Body field = • none • Input format option = • Full HTML • Save Books: Ex. 04 Create Methods Section – Handling & Preservation Child Pages – Now You Do It • Using Section Ex. 04-05, create the child pages of Food Handling & Preservation. These pages have no content in the body yet. They will be used as placeholders. Parent =Handling & Preservation Title field= Food Handling Body field = none Input format option = Full HTML Save Parent =Handling & Preservation Title field = Food Preservation Body field = none Input format option = Full HTML Save • Parent = • Food Preservation • Title field = • Canning • Body field = • none • Input format option = • Full HTML • Save • Parent = • Food Preservation • Title field = • Dehydrating • Body field = • none • Input format option = • Full HTML • Save • Parent = • Food Preservation • Title field = • Pickling • Body field = • none • Input format option = • Full HTML • Save

31. Books: Final Book Development • Clicking through the parent categories in the Book navigation menu will open each group of menu items. • There are many pages that have been created as “holder” pages. As site builders, we know what is desired for each holder page, we just haven’t generated the content for it yet.

32. Books: Final Book Development – Book Navigation Display • Note the depth of the Book navigation menu as you click down through groups. • The menu is indented and shaded to display the different levels, but you will notice that by the 5th level, it becomes a little difficult to differentiate. It is suggested that you not outline deeper than five levels for clarity’s sake. 3rd Level Down 4th Level Down 5th Level Down

33. Books: Book Manager • Remember, you can also get a view of the overall structure of your book by going to Admin menu > Content management > Books > Edit Order and Titles. • Here you can drag and drop your titles to order them as you wish. Your changes will be reflected automatically throughout the system.

34. Taxonomy: Overview • It’s a somewhat daunting term, but most of us tend to understand taxonomies innately. When given a varied group of things, most people sort things out based on some type of categorical attribute. • A taxonomy is merely a way of categorizing things. • If a person happens to have a music collection and enjoys more than one artist or type of music, chances are, they’ve created their own musical “taxonomy” based on music genre. • My Music • Classical • Boston Philharmonic • Beethoven’s 5th • Country • Johnny Cash • Ring of Fire • Jazz • Norah Jones • Come Away With Me • Rock • Red Hot Chili Peppers • Around the World The outline at right may look somewhat familiar in form. While there may be many different taxonomy topics, there is really only one purpose behind creating one…it organizes items. This, in turn, makes things easier to find.

35. Taxonomy: Why Bother With a Taxonomy? • Taxonomies do not need to be built for a Drupal site to work. For small sites, most site-builders may choose not to use this feature. • For large sites though – sites that contain much more content than menu space – taxonomies can help in the following ways: • Categorical assignment • Helps with queries and Views. • Controlled keywords / tagging • Helps with content optimization. • Glossary creation • At least one taxonomy vocabulary must be built for this feature to work.

36. Taxonomy: The Shoebox • Now, imagine that someone has dumped a shoebox full of recipe cards in front of you. • Your job is to sort through it and put it into order • In how many different ways can these items be sorted? • What makes sense to you? • Even more importantly, what do you think makes sense to someone else who is looking for something in particular?

37. Taxonomy: Ex. 05 Taxonomy Drill-Down • Before building the actual taxonomy on Drupal, it’s a good idea to come in prepared by drilling down the category first. • To drill-down a category: • First, establish a Topic for the category • The topic category should be: • Broad • Directly related to the main topic • We’ll start by using the Recipes category of our website. Recipes Category topic

38. Taxonomy: Ex. 05 Taxonomy Drill-Down – Parent Terms • We’ve established Recipes as our topic. • Let’s get a little more specific with our Recipes group by adding our first level terms, these will be known as the Parent terms. Food Group Alphabetic Recipes Course Nutrition Value Meal Cuisine

39. Dairy Veg Grain Food Group Fruit Alphabetic Meat Junk Entree Recipes Vegan Course Nutrition Value Appetizer Low Carb Soup Meal Cuisine Snack Dinner Italian Break fast Lunch Mexican Chinese Taxonomy: Ex. 05 Taxonomy Drill-Down – First Level Children • Now, add a first level of children. • The diagram is starting to look a little more detailed by now.

40. Taxonomy: Ex. 05 Taxonomy Drill-Down – Second Level Children Tomato Cheese • Can a second level of children be added? • Yes. • In fact, this diagram can be drilled down quite a bit further. • Part of building a good taxonomy, though, is also knowing when to stop. • This is a matter of judgment and having a focused concept of what is desired as an end result. Milk Veg Dairy Beef Seafood Bread Grain Food Group Meat Pork Pasta Fruit Poultry Alphabetic Apple Junk Entree Recipes Vegan Course Nutrition Value Appetizer Low Carb Soup Meal Cuisine Snack Dinner Italian Break fast Lunch Mexican Chinese

41. Cheese Tomato Milk Veg Dairy Beef Seafood Bread Grain Food Group Meat Pork Pasta Fruit Poultry Alphabetic Apple Entree Junk Recipes Course Nutrition Value Vegan Appetizer Low Carb Soup Meal Cuisine Snack Dinner Italian Break fast Lunch Mexican Chinese Taxonomy: Ex. 05 Taxonomy Drill-Down – Cleaning Up Drill-Down • Sometimes a drill-down exercise can produce many possibilities. • Some, of course, will always be better than others. • It’s the job of the site-builder to determine what will work best and weed out what might be unnecessary. • In this case the following will go: • Alphabetic • Not specific enough • Nutrition Value • Potentially high-maintenance

42. Tomato Cheese Milk Veg Dairy Beef Seafood Bread Grain Food Group Meat Pork Pasta Fruit Poultry Entree Apple Course Appetizer Recipes Soup Meal Cuisine Snack Italian Dinner Break fast Mexican Lunch Chinese Taxonomy: Ex. 05 Taxonomy Drill-Down – Finalized Recipe Drill-Down • What remains are four very solid sub-groups of the Recipes group for the Food for Thought website. • The Mealand Course sub-groups are quite small. • The Cuisinesub-group will be a bit larger. • The Food Group sub-group will be the most complex of all.

43. Taxonomy: Taxonomy Terminology • Before we begin, it would be beneficial to go over the terminology used within a site’s Taxonomy: Taxonomy: The Drupal module that allows a user to categorize content using both tags and defined terms – also the collection of vocabularies used in a Drupal site. Vocabulary: A collection of terms used within a particular category – several different vocabularies might exist in one site’s taxonomy. Term: A word or phrase and its definition. Tag: A word or phrase that is connected to a piece of content and serves as a tool to facilitate content filtering.

44. Taxonomy: Tagging • The first few Vocabularies that we’ll construct are intended to be used as tagging tools for a custom Recipe content type that we’ll build in the future. • Tagging as mentioned previously, is used to help optimize site content. Consider this… One person might enter this website looking for Italian food. Another person may desire dishes with tomatoes in it. Still another may be looking for pasta recipes. In all cases, Lasagna, should be on any result list – if it’s tagged right. This is part of content optimization. Tomato Cheese Veg Dairy Grain Food Group Meat Pasta Beef Entree Recipe Lasagna Course Meal Cuisine Dinner Italian Lunch

45. Taxonomy: Ex. 06 Create the Meal Vocabulary – Vocabulary Information 1 • To create the Mealvocabulary, go to Administration menu > Content management > Taxonomy > Add vocabulary and add the following information: • In the Vocabulary name field enter Meal. • In the Machine namefield, enter meal. • In the Description field, enter a brief description of the vocabulary, if desired. • In the Help text field type To select multiple terms hold the Ctrl key while clicking. • Leave the Content types group as is for now. • In the Settings group, click on the Multiple selectoption. • Click the Save button. 2 3 4 5 Leave as is 6 7

46. Taxonomy: Ex. 06 Create the Meal Vocabulary – Add Terms • After the vocabulary is created, the user is redirected back to the Taxonomy main screen – now it’s time to add some terms: • Click on the add terms link in the Meal row. • In the Term name field enter the word Breakfast. • Click the Savebutton. • Repeat this process for the following terms: • Lunch • Dinner • Snack 1 2 3

47. Taxonomy: Ex. 06 Create the Meal Vocabulary – Organize Vocabulary Terms • To organize the new terms: • From the Add term tab, click on the Listtab. • Click and hold on the small cross icon next to the Lunch term and drag it up between the Breakfast and Dinner terms. • Click the Save button. • Upon saving you will see a message telling you the filter cache has been cleared. This is normal. 1 2 4 3

48. Taxonomy: Advanced Taxonomy Options • So far, we’ve just listed a few terms in a very simple vocabulary. • Taxonomy can provide some additional features, though, such as: • Definitions / descriptions • Parent – Child relationships • Term relations • This produces an effect similar to “see also” in a dictionary • Synonym recognition • If a particular word has a synonymous word or term, it can be listed here. Ex: Dinner might also be referred to as Supper • These different options can be used in a variety of ways by Drupal, as well as by other modules that are included in the OSU Drupal 6 installation.

49. Taxonomy: Ex. 07 Create the Course Vocabulary • Let’s explore some of these advanced options with the Course vocabulary: • Click on Administration menu > Content management > Taxonomy > Add vocabulary. • In the Vocabulary name field enter Course. • In the Machine name field enter course • In the Description field, enter a brief description of the vocabulary, if desired. • Leave the Content types group as is for now. • Click the Save button. 2 3 4 5 Leave as is 5 1

50. Taxonomy: Ex. 07 Create the Course Vocabulary – Create a Synonym • Once the Course vocabulary is started: • Click on add terms in the Course row. • In the Term name field enter the term Appetizer. • Click on the Advanced options group to open it. • In the Synonyms field enter the word hors d’oeuvre. • Click the Save button. 1 2 3 4 5