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Solar, Lunar Eclipses & Moon Phases

Middle school science<br>6th 7th 8th grade

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Solar, Lunar Eclipses & Moon Phases

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  1. Week 4 A Day

  2. Eclipses I can explain the causes of Solar and Lunar eclipses STEM Value: Design and Systems Thinking

  3. STEMscopes Reading An eclipse occurs when one celestial object passes through the shadow of another celestial object. • A solar eclipse is when the Moon blocks the Sun and the Moon’s shadow falls along a small path on Earth. • A lunar eclipse is when the Moon moves into Earth’s shadow. We do not see solar and lunar eclipses every month, because the Moon’s orbital path around Earth is tilted with respect to the plane of Earth’s orbit. Eclipses only occur when the sun, earth and moon line up in the same plane! The points in the Moon’s orbit where this occurs are shown on the left as red dots.

  4. During a lunar eclipse, Earth’s shadow covers the entire Moon because Earth’s shadow is much larger than the Moon. Often, the Moon will appear a copper-red color during a lunar eclipse because light is bent through Earth’s atmosphere and appears red. This is called a blood moon. During a solar eclipse, sunlight is prevented from reaching only a very narrow path on Earth because the Moon casts a very small shadow.

  5. Having trouble remembering which is which? This should help! https://youtu.be/rVE8PFYlwSM Stop watching at 2:04

  6. Using the Gizmo demonstrate a lunar and solar eclipse for the students. Gizmo Demonstration https://www.explorelearning.com/index.cfm?method=cResource.dspView&ResourceID=644

  7. Gizmo In the Eclipse Gizmo, make sure all shadows are off. Click Fast forward ( ) and watch the Moon’s orbit.How does the view of the Sun from Earth change? Click Fast forward ( ) and watch the Moon from Earth. How does this view change?

  8. Turn on the Moon shadow. Drag the Moon until a solar eclipse occurs. How are the Earth, Moon, and Sun arranged at this time? Next drag the Moon until you see a lunar eclipse. How are the Earth, Moon, and Sun arranged at this time? SME - Sun, Moon, Earth SEM - Sun, Earth, Moon

  9. Discussion • During a solar eclipse, what is causing the Earth’s view of the Sun to be darkened? • What causes the Moon to be darkened in a lunar eclipse?

  10. Activity

  11. Activity: Eclipses solar During a eclipse, as illustrated above, the shadow of the falls onto the . Observers on Earth will see the go dark for a few minutes during this kind of eclipse. moon earth sun

  12. Activity: Eclipses Luner During a eclipse, as illustrated above, the shadow of thefalls onto the . Observers on Earth will see the turn a grey-red color for a few hours during this kind of eclipse. moon earth moon

  13. Sun Moon Earth Sun Earth Moon

  14. Week 4 B Day

  15. Moon Phases I can explain the patterns and causes of the lunar cycle using a model. What type of movement is the moon doing? Why does it appear to change shape? What types of motion and patterns occur between the Earth, moon, and sun.

  16. Vocabulary Waxing Waning

  17. BrainPOP: Moon Phases Open BrainPOP in ClassLink BEFORE clicking the link below! https://www.brainpop.com/science/space/moonphases/

  18. Open up your Moon Phases (Graded Assignment)!

  19. Lunar (Moon) Phases The waxing crescent occurs when the new moon begins to change to a 1st quarter moon. • The Sun illuminates less than half the side of the Moon facing Earth. • The Moon appears as a crescent shape in the sky. Waxing = the period when we see more and more of the Moon from Earth. → The moon is “growing”! #1 #2 The new moon occurs when the Moon is located directly between Earth and the Sun. • The Sun illuminates the side of the Moon that faces away from Earth. • The Moon is not visible from Earth at night.

  20. #3 The first quarter occurs when the waxing moon is at a 90° angle relative to Earth and the Sun. • The Sun illuminates exactly half the side of the Moon facing Earth. #4 The waxing gibbousphase occurs as the 1st quarter moon changes to a full moon. • The Sun illuminates more than half the side of the Moon facing Earth. • The Moon appears nearly full in the sky.

  21. #5 #6 The full moon occurs when Earth is located between the Moon and the Sun. • The Sun illuminates the whole side of the Moon facing Earth. • The Moon appears as a full circle in the sky. The waning gibbous phase occurs as the full moon changes to a last quarter moon. • The mirror image of the waxing gibbous phase. Waning = the period when we see less and less of the Moon from Earth. → The moon is “shrinking”!

  22. The Moon takes approximately a month to complete one cycle! #7 The third quarter occurs when the waning moon is at a 90°angle relative to Earth and the Sun. • The mirror image of the first quarter phase. #8 The waning crescent occurs when the last quarter moon changes to a new moon. • The mirror image of the waxing crescent phase. A new moon follows the waning crescent phase, starting the cycle over again!

  23. Lunar (Moon) Phases - Demo Video

  24. Independent Work Time - Answer the discussion questions on your assignment! • How is a full moon different from a new moon? (1 pt) • Why does the illumination of the Moon's surface appear to change when viewed from Earth, even though the Sun continuously illuminates half of the Moon? (1 pt) • How are waxing and waning different? (1 pt)

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