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Case Report

Case Report. 實習生 余萍 指導老師 蕭佩珍營養師. Plasmapheresis (Plasma exchange,PE). 血漿置換術 ( plasmapheresis ) 為體外血液純化技術,主要用以移除血漿中的大分子量物質 合乎以上條件的物質 : 自體免疫抗體 ( autoantibodies ) 免疫複合體 ( immunecomplexes ) 免疫球蛋白 ( immunoglobulins ) 脂蛋白 (lipoproteins) 等等. Plasmapheresis Guidelines. 基本資料.

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Case Report

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  1. Case Report 實習生 余萍 指導老師 蕭佩珍營養師

  2. Plasmapheresis (Plasma exchange,PE) • 血漿置換術(plasmapheresis) 為體外血液純化技術,主要用以移除血漿中的大分子量物質 • 合乎以上條件的物質: • 自體免疫抗體(autoantibodies) • 免疫複合體(immunecomplexes) • 免疫球蛋白(immunoglobulins) • 脂蛋白(lipoproteins)等等

  3. Plasmapheresis Guidelines

  4. 基本資料 Name:謝O修 病房:7C 12-2 Age:42y/oSex: male Admission date: 2012/9/16

  5. Diagnosis 1998. 診斷出CIDP HTN (150/110) 2008.~ 入院做血漿置換 每3個月做一次 (muscle strength was regained with noraml dialy activity ) 2010.08.13 囊腫性腎病 2011.03.23 開始血液透析 (W1.3.6) 2012.08 病人感覺 四肢肌肉無力 2012.08.30 OPD (relapsing chronic inflammatory demyelinated disease) 2012.09.16 Admission for plasmapheresis

  6. Diagnosis 1.Chornic inflammatory demyelinated disease 2. Polycystic kidney and liver disease (under hemodialysis for 2 years) 3. Hypertension (under regular control) 4. HBV carrier 5. R/O diabetes mellitus

  7. Nutrition care

  8. 2012/9/18(二) SOAP1 Subjective 1.病人表示胃口及攝取量佳 2. Diet history: 少吃油炸食物,若吃的話會去皮 不吃海鮮類 因有DM家族史,飯量約控制3/4碗 最近2週攝取很多芥末花生 水果喜歡芒果,聖女蕃茄

  9. Objective Ht:170.4cm, BW: 65.0 kg, BMI:22.4 IBW:63.6+6.3Kg Diet order: 一般飲食(自備) • Estimated energy need: • 65.0x30=1950kcal/day • Estimated protein need: • 65.0x1.3=85g/day

  10. Objective Lab data

  11. Objective Treatment(9/16~9/22) Hemodialysis(W1.3.5) Plasmapheresis(W4.6)

  12. Objective Medicine

  13. Assessment 體位=合宜 熱量與蛋白質攝取不足 營養觀念不足

  14. Plan 衛教對象:病人本人 洗腎飲食衛教 修正飲食:增加主食類的攝取量,4-5份/餐 增加肉類的攝取,8份/天 減少飽和脂肪的攝取 限制高鉀水果的攝取量

  15. Plan • 1950kcal/day meal plan:

  16. 2012/9/21(五) SOAP2 Subjective 1. 病人今天洗腎,精神狀況佳,胃口及攝食量佳 2. Diet history 早餐: 菜包1顆+肉包1顆+豆漿350cc 午餐: 炒米粉(含肉燥)1盒+魯蛋1顆 晚餐: 飯1碗+炸雞翅1隻+油豆腐1塊(三角型) +炒青菜1/2碗+香瓜4小塊 3. 病人擔心自己的血糖

  17. 9/19HD 08:00~12:00 9/20 PE 14:00~17:00 9/21HD 08:00~12:00 Objective Lab data:

  18. Objective BW上升0.7kg

  19. Objective • Estimated energy requirement :1950kcal/day • Estimated protein requirement :85g/day • Estimated energy intake: 1800kcal/day(-7%) • Estimated protein intake: 73g/day(-14%)

  20. Objective Treatment *Hemodialysis(Today) 體重:9/20 (四) 63.5kg 9/21(五) 64.2kg (兩次透析間增加1%) Plasmapheresis(W4.6)

  21. Assessment • 體位=合宜 • (兩次透析間體重增加<5%) • 熱量與蛋白質攝取不足 • 蔬菜攝取不足(1份/day) • 水果攝取不足(0.5份/day) • 營養觀念尚可

  22. Plan 建議增加一份肉類 建議增加蔬菜攝取量:每天至少三份 建議增加水果攝取量:每天兩份 避免油炸類食物 與病人說明這次診斷中並無糖尿病,入院期間血糖良好,並無異常 (9/18 HbA1C:5.9%)

  23. 2012/9/26(三) SOAP-3 Subjective 1.本週將Hemodialysis、Plasmapheresis改至同一天 (9/24、9/26、9/28),病人表示虛弱、頭昏 3.Diet history: 早餐:菜包1顆+肉包1顆+豆漿350cc 午餐:雞肉飯1盒+魯蛋1顆 晚餐:飯3/4碗+烤雞腿1隻+油豆腐(三角型)2塊 +炒青菜1.5碗+蘋果1份

  24. 9/24開始將HD、PE改至同一天 9/26HD 08:00~12:00 Objective Lab data:

  25. Objective BW上升0.9kg

  26. Objective • Estimated energy requirement :1950kcal/day • Estimated protein requirement :85g/day • Estimated energy intake: 1850kcal/day(-5%) • Estimated protein intake: 90g/day(+5%)

  27. Objective Treatment *Hemodialysis(Today) 體重:9/25 (二) 63.3kg 9/26(三) 64.2kg (兩次透析間增加1%) Plasmapheresis(Today) 28

  28. Objective • Medication • *9/26新增 Top-cal 500mg/tab(CaCO3) • 1.5 tab PO TIDAC ; 飯中使用

  29. Assessment • 體位=合宜 • (兩次透析間體重增加<5%) • 熱量、蛋白質及蔬菜攝取足夠 • 水果攝取不足(1份/day) • 營養觀念尚可 • 配合度佳

  30. Plan 1.Hb有下降趨勢,建議多攝取紅肉、內臟類以及富含Vit C之水果 2. 低磷飲食衛教,建議蛋黃 3顆/week,不足的蛋白質以兩顆蛋白為一份或肉類取代 3. 低鉀飲食衛教,建議夾菜時菜湯瀝乾淨,避免食用到菜汁或蔬菜湯 4. 磷結合劑正確使用方法

  31. 2012/9/28(五) SOAP-4 Subjective 1.病人表示昨晚沒睡好,感覺依舊虛弱 2.訪視過程中病人頻頻打哈欠 3.Diet history: 早餐:菜包1顆+三明治1個+豆漿350c.c. 中餐:排骨便當(主食4ex+肉類3ex+青菜1ex+油脂3ex) 晚餐:飯3ex+肉3ex+青菜1ex+水果1ex 4.病人預計9/29(六)出院

  32. 9/28HD 08:00~12:00 9/28 PE 14:00~1700 Objective Lab data:

  33. Objective BW上升1.7kg

  34. Objective • Estimated energy requirement :1950kcal/day • Estimated protein requirement : 92g/day • (1.4g/kgBW) • Estimated energy intake: 1900kcal/day(-2.5%) • Estimated protein intake: 82.9g/day(-9.8%)

  35. Objective • Medication

  36. Assessment • 體位=合宜 • (兩次透析間體重增加<5%) • 熱量攝取足夠 • 蛋白質攝取不足(-9.8%) • 水果攝取不足(1份/day) • 營養觀念尚可 • 配合度佳

  37. Plan 1.建議多攝取肉類一份 (若胃口不佳時,可選用普寧腎1罐/day) 2. 洗腎飲食衛教 3.建議出院後每天固定攝取15份主食類 +8-9份蛋豆魚肉類+青菜3份+水果2份+油脂7份

  38. Summary • Energy intake

  39. Summary • Protein intake

  40. Discharge 1. Plasmapheresis with was performed on 9/20,9/22,9/24,9/26,9/25. 2. Hemodialysis was also performed. 3. The patient tolerated the whole procedures without specific complain. 4. Functional score was improved. 5. The patient complained bilateral palm numbness, upper back numbness and right buttock numbness, which were under improvement gradually.

  41. CIDP Chronic inflammatory demyelinated polyneuropathy • 慢性脫髓鞘性多發性神經炎 • 為Guillain-Barre Snydrome,GBS的一類 • 神經系統的自身免疫性疾病 • 診斷: • 臨床表現: • 進展性或復發性運動障礙、感覺功能障礙,症狀2個月以上 • 電生理檢查: (兩個或多個以上) • 運動神經NCV減慢 • 運動神經部分性傳導阻滯 • 運動神經遠端潛伏期延長 • 運動神經F波消失 • 治療:血漿置換術(Plasmapheresis), • 施打免疫球蛋白(IVIg) 42

  42. 病理機轉: • 微生物感染後,可能引發急性脫髓鞘性多發性神經炎,產生的抗體破壞髓鞘,造成神經傳導變慢或阻斷。 • 而免疫反應停止後,少數病人抗原再度釋出,變成慢性脫髓鞘性多發性神經炎。 • 症狀:下肢開始由上侵犯,四肢肌肉無力 • 感覺神經異常,肌腱反射消失 • 治療:血漿置換術Plasmapheresis • 注射免疫球蛋白IVIG • 類固醇治療 免疫系統 攻擊神經髓鞘 神經細胞 功能異常/訊息微弱 肌肉無力和 感覺障礙 43

  43. Thank you very much for listening!

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