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第八章 醇酚醚习题解答

H. CH 3. 2. (1). C. C. HOCH 2. H. (4). CH 2 － CH － OH. (3) O 2 N. OCH 2 CH 3. (5) CH 3 － CH － CH － CH 3. (6) CH 2 － CH － CH 2 CH 3. OCH 3. OCH 3. O. 第八章 醇酚醚习题解答. 1. (1) 2- 丁醇 (2) 1,4- 戊二醇 (3) 4- 溴 -1,2- 苯二酚 (4) 3- 甲氧基 -2- 戊醇.

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第八章 醇酚醚习题解答

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  1. H CH3 2. (1) C C HOCH2 H (4) CH2－CH－OH (3) O2N OCH2CH3 (5) CH3－CH－CH－CH3 (6) CH2－CH－CH2CH3 OCH3 OCH3 O 第八章 醇酚醚习题解答 1. (1) 2-丁醇 (2) 1,4-戊二醇 (3) 4-溴-1,2-苯二酚 (4) 3-甲氧基-2-戊醇 (5) (E)-4-己烯-2-醇 (6) (E) -2-甲基-1-乙基环己醇 (7) 乙基异丙基醚 (8) 1-(4-甲基苯基)-1,2-乙二醇 (9) 4-甲基-1-甲氧基-2-戊醇 (10)3-甲基-2-环己烯-1-醇 (2) H2C = CHCH2－O －CH2CH2CH2CH3

  2. CH3 OCH3 (7) CH3－C－CH2OH (8) OCH3 CH3 OH CH2ONO2 (10) (9) NO2 O2N CHONO2 CH2ONO2 NO2 5. CH2 = CHCH2OH(a) 很快出现混浊(a) Lucass 试剂 (1) CH3CH2CH2OH (b) 加热后出现混浊(b) 加热也无混浊(c) CH3CH2CH2Cl (c) 3. (2) ＞ (1) ＞ (3) 4. (1) ＞ (2) ＞ (3) ＞ (4) 理由略

  3. CH3CH2CH(OH)CH3(a) 很快出现浑浊者为 (c) (2) Lucas试剂 CH3CH2CH2CH2OH(b) 几分钟出现浑浊者为(a) (CH3)3COH (c) 加热出现浑浊者为 (b) CH2OH(a) 放出气体(a) (3) Na AgNO3 CH2Cl (b) 无现象 (b) 出现沉淀(b) 乙醇 无现象 (c) OCH3 (c) 无现象 (c) (4) F e C l 3

  4. OH (6) Br－ － Br (5) Br (2) －OH + CH3CH2I O (3) CH3－CH－CHCH3 (4) －CH2O－C－CH3 Cl CH3 OH 6. (1) (CH3)2C = CHCH2CH3 (7) CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OMgBr, CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH

  5. + 7. (1) H HBr CH CHCH(CH ) CH CH C ( C H ) 3 3 2 3 3 2 O H KOH CH CH C(CH ) CH CH C(CH ) 3 2 3 2 H O 3 2 3 2 2 Br OH SOCl NaCN (2) H+ 2 CH CHCH CH CH CHCH CH CH CHCH CH 3 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 3 H O CH CH OH 3 2 2 O H Cl C N 浓硫酸 LiAlH CH CH CHCH CH CH CHCH CH 4 C H CH CH C 3 2 2 3 3 2 3 3 2 2 H O 2 C O O H CH C H 3 3 HBr NaOH/C H OH 2 5 CH CH Br(CH ) C(CH ) CH CH 3 2 3 2 3 2 3

  6. Br H2SO4 HBr (2) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CH = CH2 CH3CH2CH－CH3 △ PCl NaCN (3) CH3CH2CH2OH CH3CH2CH2Cl CH3CH2CH2CN OH CH3 CH3COOH 乙醇 NaOH CH3CH2CH－CH3 CH3COOCHCH2CH3 H－OH H+，△ H－OH CH3CH2CH2COOH H+ PCl3 Mg O 8. (1) (CH3)3COH (CH3)3CCl (CH3)3CMgCl 干醚 干醚 H2O (CH3)3CCH2CH2OMgCl (CH3)3CCH2CH2OH H+ 9.(1)乙醚中含有少量乙醇，可先用固体CaCl2，除去少量乙醇，再蒸馏即可。

  7. Na * H－OH (CH3)2CHCHCH3 (CH3)2CH－CHCH3 10. NaOH Br OH (A) (B) (CH3)2CHCHCH3 + H2↑ ONa OH ①O3 浓H2SO4 (CH3)2CH = CHCH3 (CH3)2CHCHCH3 △ ②Zn/H2O (C) CH3 C=O + CH3CHO CH3 (2) 先用生石灰吸收水分，再用分子筛进一步 除水。 (3) 先用NaOH与苯酚生成酚盐后分液（环己醇不溶于NaOH溶液）。

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