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Individual, Peer, and School Effects on Math Achievement and High School Dropout

The Standard Deviants University of California, Riverside *We would like to thank the Southern California Academic Center of Excellence on Youth Violence Prevention funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

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Individual, Peer, and School Effects on Math Achievement and High School Dropout

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  1. The Standard Deviants University of California, Riverside *We would like to thank the Southern California Academic Center of Excellence on Youth Violence Prevention funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Individual, Peer, and School Effects on Math Achievement and High School Dropout

  2. Math Achievement • U.S. ranked 24th in math scores across 29 nations • Math achievement scores have been linked to • Adult wages • Subsequent educational attainment • Problem behaviors • Dropping out • 21. Poland • 22. Hungary • 23. Spain • 24. United States • 25. Portugal • 26. Italy • 27. Greece • 28. Turkey • 29. Mexico

  3. High School Dropout • Dropout Rates • In California, the statewide dropout rate is 20.1%. • For the Los Angeles Unified School District, the dropout rate was 34.9%. • Dropping has been linked to • Lower income level • Poor health • Higher risk for unemployment • Prison and death row

  4. Ecological Framework Individual Individual

  5. Ecological Framework Individual Peer Individual

  6. Ecological Framework Individual School Peer Individual

  7. Research Questions • Do individual, peer, and school factors have an influence on math achievement and high school dropout? • Each of the factors will be related to math achievement and high school dropout

  8. Research Questions • Which factor has the strongest effect on math achievement and high school dropout? • Proximal factors will have stronger effects on the outcomes than distal factors

  9. Data • Educational Longitudinal Study 2002 • Nationally represented longitudinal study • Base year: 10th grade • Follow-up year: 12th grade • Multilevel study

  10. Participants • N = 6988 • Gender • Females: 53% • Males: 47% • Ethnicity • Asian American: 11% • African American: 9% • Latino: 12% • European American: 68%

  11. Measures

  12. Individual Factors • School Enjoyment • How much do you like school? • Importance of Grades • How important are good grades to you?

  13. Peer Factors • Peer Values • Among your close friends, how important is: Attending classes regularly, studying, getting good grades, finishing high school, continuing their education past high school • Alpha = .84 • Peer Dropout • Altogether, how many of your close friends have dropped out of high school before graduating

  14. School Factor • School Climate • 14 item scale • Alpha = .77 • Example items: Students get along well with teachers, There is real school spirit, Teachers are interested in students

  15. Outcomes • Math Achievement • Cognitive Test • Dropout • Ever drop out of school?

  16. Results

  17. Math Achievement

  18. High School Dropout

  19. Building an Ecology of School Success • Primary Prevention • Same factors influence multiple outcomes • General prevention program • Secondary Prevention • Target peer influence

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