Postwar Social Change

2. Postwar Social Change Chapter 20

3. Society in the 1920s • Men came back from the war disillusioned • Women gained some independence during the war • many had entered the workforce • all were given the right to vote tradition • People starting questioning tradition

5. Flappers came to symbolize a new era of freedom and creativity

6. They were rebellious and energeticthey were bold

7. Grandma???????? • They disapproved of the way people behaved • They disliked the way men flocked to them

9. 1920s Fashions

10. 1920s Fashions

11. How do we change teens? • Change for women started in WW I • When the 19th amendment was passed women will get the right to vote

12. Society in the 1920s • Hemlines rose from 9 inches above the ground to knee-length • Amount of fabric in dresses changed from 19.5 yards to 7 • Women ‘bobbed’ their hair and heavy make-up

13. Society in the 1920s • Women began wearing make-up • Women began smoking and drinking in public • Before this women were proper • Parents were enraged, a rebellion Women’s Liberation - 1920’s Style

14. Dare-devils

15. Working • Women were expected to quit when they married or became pregnant • Women earned less than men in the same positions • Not all women felt the same

16. Working • Women were still closed out of many professional positions • Example - women doctors were only allowed to treat female patients

17. All we need is love • All women did not agree with the new change or voting! • 35% only went to the polls • Many saw it as unprofessional

18. Voting • Women won the right to vote in 1920 • Only about 35% of women initially voted • Increased as women became used to the idea

19. So what do we vote on?? • most women had a hard time getting to the polls • Families discouraged it • Women, if they did vote what would vote on: • What their husband voted on • Women’s rights

20. Sheppard Town Act • 1st federal welfare program to promote prenatal health and women’s health

21. ERA • Equal Rights Amendment • Jeannette Rankins- won the election for US House of Representatives

22. In addition to social changes, the US started changing demographically • Demographics are the statistics that describe a population, such as race, ethnicity, gender and religion

23. Major demographic change • The major change for the United States was the movement away from the country side to a more urban area • Why migrate??

24. MOVE • Well, farmers started doing poorly after the war. WHY? • Industrial and commercial economies were booming but rural America was not part pf it • MORE JOBS

25. Come one, Come all, wait!!! • As more people started moving into the small limits of the cities we had overcrowding problems • Attendance at public schools went from 2.2 million to 4.4 million

26. Society in the 1920s • African Americans continued to migrate north as well because of industrial growth • Jim Crow Laws in the south were discriminating and cutting off jobs

27. Was the North a Bowl of Candy? • Blacks did not have it 100% better in the North • Many whites criticized African Americans because they took their jobs away • Cheap labor

28. Because we limited immigration many factory workers hired Mexicans and Canadians for cheap labor • Created barrios, or Spanish Speaking communities where migrants lived • Very congested and dirty

29. Look at how Crowed!! • Because the cities were over populated people started to look elsewhere to live • Suburbs began to spring up • Transportation will improve first with Electric Trolleys, then a bus system and later an affordable automobile

31. Society in the 1920s • Lucky Lindy flew across the Atlantic in 1927 • His flight was 33 1/2 hours long from NY to Paris for $25,000 • He inspired a generation of aviators, including Amelia Earhart • Plane was the Spirit of the St. Louis • 1st born was kidnapped and murdered

32. First woman pilot • Amelia Earhart, “America’s Fly Girl” • First woman to fly over the Atlantic

33. Society in the 1920s • Professional and amateur sports flourished in the 1920s • Babe Ruth set home run records of 60 in a single season and 714 in his career • Jim Thorpe, a Native American, became a professional football player after having his Olympic medals stripped • Jack Dempsey, professional boxer

34. Sports in the 1920s Babe Ruth Gertrude Ederle Jack Dempsey

35. Section 2 The Jazz Age and Mass Media

36. Mass Media & the Jazz Age

37. Hollywood if she could • Hollywood was a small quiet town • Became popular because of the different landscapes in close proximity • Film makers started traveling there • Actors liked it

38. Hollywood • Cecil B. DeMille rented a barn and began to produce silent movies • The barn expanded into a huge movie studio • It was located in a little known suburb of Los Angeles named Hollywood

39. Cecil B. DeMille Films: Sign of the Cross

40. Cecil B. DeMille Films: Unconquered

41. What is Mass Media • It includes print, film and broadcasting methods • It communicates to LARGE numbers of people

42. Before the Mass • People knew little about what was going on around them • Mass Media created a NATIONAL CULTURE • Now people in one states could learn about another state be reading a newspaper or listening to the radio

43. Mass Media & the Jazz Age • Between 1920 - 1930 the number of movie theaters quadrupled to 22,500 from 5,000 • Tickets sales averaged 80 million each week; the countries population was 125 million • The countries first ‘talkie’ was The Jazz Singer in 1927, Al Jolson was the star

44. Movie Stars Greta Garbo & Lillian Gish

45. 1920’sGlamourGirl

46. Mass Media & the Jazz Age • Newspapers and magazines became larger, averaging over 50 pages in some from only 14 • Tabloids were popular for entertainment; they concentrated on sports, movies, and scandals and had few words and lots of pictures • They replaced serious news with fun • Many newspapers merged or were bought out by conglomerates

47. Frank Conrad was an engineer from Westinghouse began broadcasting recorded music and baseball scores • The world’s first radio station, KDKA of Pittsburgh, soon followed • The National Broadcasting System (NBC) formed to link individual stations together

48. Where O Where Can Jazz Be?? • Jazz began in New Orleans before the turn-of-the-century • With the radio playing to millions, it would sweep the nation in the 1920s • Duke Wellington wrote and performed over 1000 original songs

49. How is it different?? • Jazz used improvisation, which was really just “feeling” the music • No note sheets etc.

50. Most Jazz Clubs were in Harlem, New York. Black performers played jazz for white audiences