Welcome to this IRSC Adult Education Elluminate Session

1. Welcome to this IRSC Adult Education Elluminate Session Diana Lenartiene, Ed. S. moderator/instructor

2. Respond to poll Emoticons Chat Adjust volume

7. Cause • and Effect

8. Cause: happens first The reason, or motive, for an action; why something happens. It was raining… Effect:  happens after a cause The result, or consequence, of an action. …so I got wet.

9. To find cause and effect, we can use some signal words which let us know that a cause or an effect are coming up in the passage. We will look at a list of these words on the next slide..

10. Signal Words Cause              Because                       The reason for         On account of          Bring about               Give rise to               Created by                Contributed to          Led to                       Due to                      Since   Can Effect As a result   Then Hence For this reason Therefore    Outcome So Consequently Finally After

11. Please get a pen or pencil and some paper to record your answers as we practice on the next few slides.

12. Have you ever thought about what makes a volcano erupt or what happens afterward? The book Danger! Volcanoes by Seymour Simon describes many cause-and-effect relationships. When the temperature rises deep under the Earth’s crust, it becomes hot enough to melt rock and turn it into magma. Sometimes this melted rock blasts through the Earth’s surface, which causes rock, ash, and deadly gases to fly into the air. The lava that flows out of the volcano can knock down trees and destroy houses and even whole towns. Although volcanoes can cause lots of destruction, the volcano’s eruption also creates new land. Many times this new land forms an island in the ocean. You might even live on land created by a volcano!

13. Have you ever thought about what makes a volcano erupt or what happens afterward? The book Danger! Volcanoes by Seymour Simon describes many cause-and-effect relationships. When the temperature rises deep under the Earth’s crust, it becomes hot enough to melt rock and turn it into magma. Sometimes this melted rock blasts through the Earth’s surface, which causes rock, ash, and deadly gases to fly into the air. The lava that flows out of the volcano can knock down trees and destroy houses and even whole towns. Although volcanoes can cause lots of destruction, the volcano’s eruption also creates new land. Many times this new land forms an island in the ocean. You might even live on land created by a volcano!

14. Now make yourself a chart on your paper with a column for cause and A column for effect and get ready to work on the same story again. We will list the causes and effects we find in the story about volcanoes.

15. Have you ever thought about what makes a volcano erupt or what happens afterward? The book Danger! Volcanoes by Seymour Simon describes many cause-and-effect relationships. When the temperature rises deep under the Earth’s crust, it becomes hot enough to melt rock and turn it into magma. Sometimes this melted rock blasts through the Earth’s surface, which causes rock, ash, and deadly gases to fly into the air. The lava that flows out of the volcano can knock down trees and destroy houses and even whole towns. Although volcanoes can cause lots of destruction, the volcano’s eruption also creates new land. Many times this new land forms an island in the ocean. You might even live on land created by a volcano!

16. Have you ever thought about what makes a volcano erupt or what happens afterward? The book Danger! Volcanoes by Seymour Simon describes many cause-and-effect relationships. When the temperature rises deep under the Earth’s crust, it becomes hot enough to melt rock and turn it into magma. Sometimes this melted rock blasts through the Earth’s surface, which causes rock, ash, and deadly gases to fly into the air. The lava that flows out of the volcanocan knock down trees and destroy houses and even whole towns. Although volcanoes can cause lots of destruction, the volcano’s eruptionalso creates new land. Many times this new land forms an island in the ocean. You might even live on land created by a volcano!

17. causes and effects we found in the story about volcanoes.

18. 1. As a child, I had many pets, including cats, dogs, birds, and gerbils. Every summer, I also used to watch over my neighbors’ pets when they went on vacation. As a result, it felt natural for me to become a veterinarian. Cause(s): Effect(s): 2. Because I spent the evening watching television, I never got my math homework done. The next day, my math teacher called on me and the entire class saw that I wasn’t able to answer the question. I was so embarrassed; I never forgot to do my homework again! Cause(s): Effect(s):

19. 1. As a child, I had many pets, including cats, dogs, birds, and gerbils. Every summer, I also used to watch over my neighbors’ pets when they went on vacation. As a result, it felt natural for me to become a veterinarian. Cause(s): I had many pets I watched my neighbors’ pets when they were on vacation Effect(s): It felt natural for me to become a veterinarian 2. Because I spent the evening watching television, I never got my math homework done. The next day, my math teacher called on me and the entire class saw that I wasn’t able to answer the question. I was so embarrassed; I never forgot to do my homework again! Cause(s): Spent the evening watching television Effect(s): Did not do math homework wasn’t able to answer the question was embarrassed

23. What have we learned? Cause is something which makes an event happen Effect is what happens due to the cause Signal words can let us know there is a cause or effect coming in the passage. If you have questions, please raise your hand!

24. If you still have questions, please contact me at: dlenarti@irsc.edu Thank you for viewing this presentation. Diana Lenartiene, IRSC ABE Instructor