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TCP/IP Protocol Suite for Network Communication

Learn about the layers, protocols, and functions of the TCP/IP protocol suite for effective network communication and data transmission. Dive into address resolution, DNS, NAT, and more.

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TCP/IP Protocol Suite for Network Communication

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  1. Y …AL FIN…. TCP/IP

  2. Application Layer Transport Layer Transport Layer TCP UDP Internet Layer Internet Layer IP ICMP IGMP ARP Network Interface Layer Network Interface Layer ATM Ethernet THE TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE HTTP, HTTPS, POP/IMAP SMTP, TFTP, TELNET, NTP Application Layer

  3. TCP UDP IP ICMP IGMP ARP TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL

  4. TCP UDP IP ICMP IGMP ARP USER DATAGRAM PROTOCOL

  5. Router TCP UDP IP ICMP IGMP ARP INTERNET PROTOCOL

  6. Router TCP UDP IP ICMP IGMP ARP INTERNET CONTROL MESSAGE PROTOCOL

  7. TCP UDP IP ICMP IGMP ARP INTERNET GROUP MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL

  8. 1 5 ARP Cache ARP Cache 2 B 3 6 A TCP UDP 4 C 1. ARP cache is checked 2. ARP request is sent 3. ARP entry is added 4. ARP reply is sent 5. ARP entry is added 6. IP packet is sent IP ICMP IGMP ARP ADDRESS RESOLUTION PROTOCOL

  9. Application Layer Transport Layer Transport Layer TCP UDP Internet Layer Internet Layer IP ICMP IGMP ARP Network Interface Layer Network Interface Layer ATM Ethernet THE TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE HTTP, HTTPS, POP/IMAP SMTP, TFTP, TELNET, NTP Application Layer

  10. CRC CRC Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data Data HTTP HTTP HTTP FTP FTP FTP HTTP HTTP HTTP FTP FTP FTP Application Application Transport Transport TCP TCP TCP UDP UDP UDP TCP TCP TCP UDP UDP UDP Internet Internet IP IP IP ICMP ICMP ICMP IGMP IGMP IGMP ARP ARP ARP IP IP IP ICMP ICMP ICMP IGMP IGMP IGMP ARP ARP ARP Preamble Preamble ATM ATM ATM Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet ATM ATM ATM Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet Data Flow

  11. FTP COMMANDS

  12. TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE SUMMARY

  13. TCP/UDP PORT FUNCTIONS

  14. NETWORK SERVICES: DHCP DNS NAT ICS SNMP WINS

  15. If No DHCP isAvailable Configuring TCP/IP to Obtain an IP Address Automatically • DHCP Automatically Assigns IP Addresses and Other Configuration Information to DHCP Clients • Automatic Private IP Addressing Enables the Configuration of IP Addresses Without Using Static IP Addresses or Installing the DHCP Server Service. Request for IP address Yes please! ip 192.168.120.133. Lo quieres? Tomalo! Actualizo tabla DHCP Client DHCP Server OR Automatic Private IP Addressing Generates IP Address

  16. Domain Name (example.microsoft.com) Top-level domain (com) Second-level domain (microsoft.com) Subdomain (example.microsoft.com) com microsoft.com example.microsoft.com Domain Naming

  17. 192.168.0.10 w2.x2.y2.z2 Web Server Web Browser Internet w1.x1.y1.z1 NAT NAT

  18. Assigned to a computer’s IP address • 255 characters in length • Can contain alphabetic and numeric characters, hyphens, and periods • Can take various forms • Alias • Domain name Host Names • 16-byte address • Used to represent a single computer or group of computers • 15 of the characters may be used for the name • 16th character is used by the services that a computer offers to the network NetBIOS Names TYPES OF NAMES

  19. STATIC IP MAPPING • Provides name resolution for host names to IP addresses • Multiple host names can be assigned to the same IP address • Entries are case sensitive Hosts File • Provides name resolution for NetBIOS names to IP addresses • A part of the Lmhosts file is pre-loaded into memory Lmhosts File

  20. DYNAMIC IP MAPPING • DNS is a system for naming computers and network services • DNS naming system is organized in a hierarchical fashion • Maps domain names to IP address • Mapping records are stored on a DNS server DNS Server • Provides a distributed database for registering dynamic mappings of NetBIOS names • WINS maps NetBIOS names to IP addresses WINS Server

  21. NetBIOS Name Resolution Host Name Resolution LMHOSTS File Host Name Resolution LMHOSTS File 8 1 Enter Command 1 1 8 Enter Command Enter Command Broadcast 7 2 Local Host Name 7 DNS Server HOSTS File Broadcast 2 NetBIOS Name Cache 3 6 WINS Server 2 7 Local Host Name HOSTS File 5 4 6 DNS Server NetBIOS Name Cache HOSTS File 3 WINS Server 1 Enter Command 7 DNS Server 6 WINS Server 3 2 NetBIOS Name Cache HOSTS File LMHOSTS File 6 NetBIOS Name Resolution 5 Broadcast 4 3 5 WINS Server DNS Server NetBIOS Name Cache 4 LMHOSTS File 5 Broadcast 4 NAME RESOLUTION

  22. IP ADDRESSING IPv4 SUBNETTING

  23. NO MORE SUBNETTING!!!!

  24. IPv6 USES 8 OCTECT ADDRESSING = 128 BITS IS EXPRESSED IN 8 CUARTETS OF HEXADECIMAL NUMBERS YELDS TO 3.4 E 38 POSSIBLE ADDRESSES

  25. DEFAULT GATEWAYS MEANS BY WHICH A DEVICE CAN ACCESS HOSTS OR DEVICES IN OTHER NETWORKS EACH HOST MUST DECIDE IF A PACKET IS REMOTE OR LOCAL DO NOT CONFUSE DEFAULT GATEWAY WITH THE GATEWAY DEVICE

  26. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE NETWORKS RESERVED PRIVATE NETWORKS

  27. PRACTICE EXAM

  28. CHAPTER 6 OBJECTIVES WAN TECHNOLOGIES REMOTE ACCESS SECURITY PROTOCOLS

  29. WAN TECHNOLOGIES: DIAL UP MODEM CONECTIONS ASYNCRONOUS SYNCRONOUS

  30. INTEGRATED SERVICES DIGITAL NETWORK (ISDN) BRI PRI

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