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Understanding the Body: Organs, Systems, and Cavities in Medical Terminology

Explore medical terminology for the body's organization, systems, and cavities. Learn about tissues, organs, planes of the body, and integumentary system. Discover primary skin disorders and burns, plus related terms and suffixes. Answer worksheets 1-6 at home.

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Understanding the Body: Organs, Systems, and Cavities in Medical Terminology

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  1. Medical Terminology Dr. Walid Daoud, MD, FCCP Assistant Professor

  2. The Body as a Whole Level of Organization Cell: It carries all functions of life. Tissue: group of cells with the same activities: epithelial, connective, muscular and nervous tissues. Organ: group of tissues perform special function System: group of organs with common function

  3. Planes of the Body Midsagittal (Median) plane: It divides the body into a right and left half. Sagittal plane: It divides the body into unequal right and left side. Coronal (Frontal) plane: It divides the body into anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) portion. Transverse (Horizontal) plane: It divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions.

  4. Body Cavities Coronal plane divides the body into 2 dorsal and 2 ventral cavities: Dorsal cavities: -Cranial cavity contains the brain. -Spinal cavity contains the spinal cord. Ventral cavities: -Thoracic cavity contains heart and lungs. -Abdominopelvic cavity contains digestive, excretory and reproductive organs. Ventral cavities are separated by the diaphragm.

  5. The Abdominopelvic Region 9 regions 4 quadrants 1- Right hypochondriac 1-Right upper quadrant 2-Epigastric 2-Left upper quadrant 3-Left hypochondriac 3-Right lower quadrant 4-Right lumbar 4-Left lower quadrant 5-Umbilical 6-Left lumber 7-Right inguinal 8-Hypogastric 9-Left inguinal

  6. Directional Terms Superficial:toward the surface of the body. Deep (internal): away from surface of body. Medial: toward midline of the body or structure. Lateral: away from midline of body or structure. Superior (cranial): toward the head or upper part Inferior (caudal): away from head, to lower part. Proximal: nearer to the trunk or a structure. Distal: away from the trunk or a structure. Anterior (ventral): near the front of the body. Posterior (dorsal): near the back of the body. Parietal: pertaining to the outer wall of body cavity. Visceral: pertaining to the covering of an organ.

  7. Answer the worksheets 1-6 Please answer the above worksheets at home to be discussed next lecture

  8. Integumentary System Integumentary or covering system consists of - Skin: epidermis and dermis - Skinappendages: hair, nails, sebaceous glands, sweat glands and breasts. Functions of skin: -Protection against injuries and bacteria. -Regulation of body temperature. -Prevention of dehydration. -Works as a sensory receptor. -Synthesis of vitamin D.

  9. Primary Skin Disorders -Macules: nonpalpable spots or patches. -Papules: small, solid, raised areas of the skin -Nodules: papules more than 5 cm in diameter -Vesicles: blisterlike elevations containing serous fluid, if larger than 1 cm called bullae -Pustules: vesicles containing pus. -Wheals: eruption of slightly elevated patches -Ulcer: discontinuation of surface epithelium

  10. Burns First-degree burn: -Damage is limited to epidermis -Redness of skin (erythema) and extreme sensitivity to sensory stimuli (Hyperesthesia) Second-degree burn: -Blisters (vesicles) formation, no scar tissue. Third-degree burn: -Damage of both epidermis and dermis. -Results in scar formation.

  11. Decubitus ulcers (bedsores): Results from impaired circulation. Eczema: Chronic moist dermatitis results in itching or pruritus. Pemphigus: Acute or chronic disease with crops of vesicles (bullae) and when disappear leave pigmented spots. Psoriasis: Pink lesion with silvery scales under which red bleeding points.

  12. WR and CF related to integumentary system

  13. WR and CF related to integumentary system

  14. WR / CF related to integumentary system

  15. Suffixes related to integumentary system

  16. Terms related to integumentary system Page 70

  17. Answer Worksheets 1-6 • Please answer the above worksheets at home.

  18. Worksheet Please answer worksheet 1-6 at home

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