Warm-up:

1. Warm-up: • List reasons why you believe the United States wanted/needed to expand

2. Becoming A World Power Manifest Destiny?

3. Isolationism Isolationism—the policy of a country not taking part in international alliances, leagues, etc. Policy established by George Washington in his farewell address Later, Monroe Doctrine of 1823 emphasized the U.S.’s desire to keep the Americas separate from Europe

4. Imperialism Imperialism—the policy of establishing colonies and building empires Europe and Asia found imperialism answered the need motivated by trade, adventure, power, profit, idealism, national patriotism, and raw materials to fuel their markets By 1890, the U.S. became eager to join in the imperialism movement

5. Nationalism Nationalism: doctrine that national interests are more important than international considerations; devotion to one’s nation; patriotism Expanded empires = empirical powers Broadened Manifest Destiny ideal

6. Factors For US Imperialism Economic factor Growth of industry needed new markets US markets had huge surplus; couldn’t consume fast enough Nationalist factor Competition for large empires More international power Militaristic factor Protect American security & interests More power = more military = more bases around the world Humanitarian Factor Duty to spread blessings of Christianity and modern civilization People had a right to govern themselves

7. Seward’s Folly • 1867 Secretary of State, William Seward bought Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. • Journalists joked “Seward’s Folly” or “Seward’s Icebox” • Vast tundra of snow and ice • Turned out to rich in natural resources: timber, oil, etc. • Today scholars see the purchase as a key milestone on America’s road to power

10. U.S. Takes Hawaii • In the 1790s, Americans planters established sugar cane plantations in Hawaii. • In 1887, these planters gained control of the government from King Kalakaua. • In 1891 the king died and his sister became Queen Liliuokalani. She resented the power of the white minority and abolished the constitution that had given them political power. • In 1893, with the help of U.S. Marines, the Queen was dethroned. • In 1897, President McKinley backed annexation when he took office. • In 1898, Congress voted to annex Hawaii

12. Activity: Spanish-American War Read pages 144-150 and create a cause and effect chart on the Spanish-American War Causes Effects

13. Spanish-American War • Causes • US wants to expand in Latin American • and the Pacific • In Cuba and Philippines, people rebel against • Spanish rule • Demands for involvement from American • capitalists, expansionists and newspapers • Explosion sinks American battleship • U.S.S. Maine • Effects • US defeats Spain in three months • Spain recognizes Cuba’s independence. US begins to control Cuban politics and economy • Puerto Rico, Philippines, and Guam become US territories • US is recognized as a world power Spanish- American War