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Chemistry in Every day Life

Chemistry in Every day Life. Name : G K Verma Designation: PGT(Chemistry) KV Katihar. Definition. Medicine is a chemical substance which cures the disease, is safe to use ,has negligible toxicity and does not cause addiction.

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Chemistry in Every day Life

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  1. Chemistry in Every day Life Name : G K Verma Designation: PGT(Chemistry) KV Katihar

  2. Definition • Medicine is a chemical substance which cures the disease, is safe to use ,has negligible toxicity and does not cause addiction. • Drug:-It is a chemical substance which also cures the diseases but is habit forming ,causes addiction and has serious side effect.

  3. Different types of drugs • Antacids-Drug used to lower down the acidity in our stomach. Examples: Sodium bicarbonate ,Milk of magnesia,ranitidine(Zantac) Antipyritic-Drug used to lower down the body temperature . Example:Paracetamol. Analgesic-Drug which gives relief from pain

  4. Example:Aspirin,Ibuprofen. • Antiseptic-are the chemical substance used to prevent the growth of microorganism. • Example: Dettol(It is a mixture of chloroxylenol &1,tepineol),savlon,tincture of iodine(2-3% solution of iodine in alcohol &water),antiseptic used in bathing soap(bathional) • Disinfectants-are chemical substances used to kill the micro organism • Example:Phenol,DDT, • Phenol in lower concentration use as antiseptic but in higher concentration used as disinfectant. • Antihistamines-The drugs which is used to prevent the secretion of histamines & stop the allergy action • Example:Bromphenyramine(avil),cetrizine,Benadryl(diphenylhyramine)

  5. Antifertalitydrug:The drug used to check the pregnancy & control the child birth. • Example:Norethindrone,Novestrol. • Tranquilizers:The drug used to cure the mental disorderness. • Examples:Eqanil,Valium ,Nardil,Meprobamate,Barbituric acid and its derivative

  6. Antibiotics:are the chemical substances obtained from bacteria, moulds and used to kill or prevent the growth of micro-organism. • Types:Bacteriocidal &Bacteriostatic. • Examples:Penecilline ,Ofloxacin ,Streptomycin. • Erythromycin,Tetracycline,Chloraphenicol respectively.

  7. BroadspectrumAntibiotics:Antibiotics used to cure the large number of diseases. • Example:Chloramphenicol,Ofloxacin,Ciprofloxacin etc. • Chemicals in food : • Food preservatives: Chemicals which is used to prevent the growth of micro-organism,yeast & fungi in food material • Example: Sodium benzoate,Sodiummetabisulphite,sorbic acid ,salts ,sugar etc.

  8. Anti oxidants-are the chemicals prevent the oxidation of fats in processed food • Example :BHT,BHA etc. • Artificial sweetners-are chemicals that provide sweetness to food stuff as like as sugar • Example:saccharine(500 times more sweeter than sucrose ) • Aspartame(100 times more sweeter) • Alatame(2000 times more sweeter

  9. Soaps & Detergents- are the sodium salts of higher molecular masses fatty acids & aromatic acids. • Types of detergents-cationic detergent –the dtergent in which the large hydrocarbon part is cation • Example: cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide. • Anionic detergent: the detergent in which the large hydrocarbon part is anionic • Example:Sodiumdodecylbenzenesulphonate, • sodiumlaurylsulphate.

  10. Nonionicdetergent:Thedtergent having no cationic and anionic part. • Example:Polyethyleneglycolsteriate . • Difference between soaps &detergent • 1.Soaps are biodegradable Detergents are nonbiodegradable. • 2.Soap form lather with soft water while detergents form lather with soft &hard water.

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