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Integumentary System

Integumentary System. Functions. Skin waterproofs the body intact aids immune system Major receptor for touch Synthesize Vit. C from sun Related Structures sebaceous glands secrete sebum- lubricates skin Sweat Glands regulate temperature & water content Hair helps control body heat

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Integumentary System

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  1. Integumentary System

  2. Functions • Skin • waterproofs the body • intact aids immune system • Major receptor for touch • Synthesize Vit. C from sun • Related Structures • sebaceous glands secrete sebum- lubricates skin • Sweat Glands regulate temperature & water content • Hair helps control body heat • Nails protect dorsal surface of last digit bone

  3. Structures of the Integumentary SystemSkin • Derma & cutaneous = skin • Made up of three strata of tissue • Epidermis • Dermis • Subcutaneous Layer

  4. Structures of the Integumentary SystemSkin--Epidermis • Squamous epithelial tissue (scalelike) • No blood vessels • New cells produced in the basal layer • Keratin deposited as cells move up • soft- primary component • hard-hair & nails • Melanocytes contain melanin UV protection

  5. Structures of the Integumentary SystemSkin-Dermis • Connective tissue, • Blood & lymph vessels, • Nerve fibers for sensory • Hair follicles, • Sebaceous glands • Sweat glands

  6. Structures of the Integumentary SystemSkin- Subcutaneous Layer • Connects skin to muscle • Loose connective tissue • Adipose tissue • Cellulite • Lipocytes

  7. Associated Structures of the Integumentary SystemSebaceous Glands • Located in the dermis layer • Secretes Sebum - into ducts in hair follicles • Moves to the surface • lubricates the skin • Helps prevent growth of bacteria • Mammary Glands

  8. Associated Structures of the Integumentary SystemSweat Glands • Coiled glands on all surfaces • Sweat Perspiration • 99% water • salt • waste products • Hidrosis (hidr = sweat -osis = condition)

  9. Associated Structures of the Integumentary SystemHair • Hair Follicles • hair root • arrector pali (erector muscles)

  10. Associated Structures of the Integumentary SystemNails (ungues) • Nail Body • Nail Bed • Free edge • Cuticle • Lunula • Root

  11. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemSebaceous Gland Disorders • Acne vulgaris • Comedo • Sebaceous cyst • seborrhea • Seborrhetic dermatitis (dandruff) • seborrheic keratosis

  12. Acne

  13. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemSweat Gland Disorders • Anhidrosis (an = without hidr = sweat) • Hyperhidrosis • Miliaria (heat rash or prikly heat)

  14. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemHair • Excessive Hairiness • Hirsutism (hirsut = hairy • Abnormal Hair loss • alopecia • alopecia areata • alopecia capitis totalis • alopecia universalis • female pattern baldness • male pattern baldness

  15. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemNails • Clubbing • Koilonychia (koil = hollow onych = nail) • Onychia • Onychocryptosis (crypt = hidden) • Onychomycosis (myc = fungus) • Onychophagia (-phagia = eating) • Paronychia (par = along the side of) • Subungual hematoma

  16. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemPigmentation • Albinism (albin = white) • Chloasma or mask of pregnancy or melasma • Dyschromia • Melanosis • Vitiligo

  17. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemSurface Lesions • Lesion • Contusion • crust • ecchymosis - bruise • macule • Nevi or mole • dysplastic nevi may develop into cancer

  18. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemSurface Lesions • Nodule • Papule • Petechiae • Plaque • Scale • Verrucae • Wheal

  19. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemFluid Filled Lesions • Abscess • circumscribed • purulent • Bulla • Cyst • Pustule • Vesicle

  20. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemLesions through the Skin • Abrasion • Fissure • Laceration • Puncture wound • Ulcer • Decubitus ulcer or bed sore

  21. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemBirthmarks • Port-wine stain • Strawberry hemangioma

  22. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemGeneral Skin Conditions • Dermatitis • Contact Dermititis • Dermatosis • eczema • Erythema • Lupus erythematosis • Lipedema

  23. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemGeneral Skin Conditions • Pruritus (prurit = itching) • Psoriasis • Purpura (purpur = purple) • Rosacea • Scleroderma (sclero = hard) • Urticaria (urtic= rash -aria =connected with) • Xeroderma (xero = dry)

  24. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemBacterial Skin Infections • Carbuncle • Cellutitis • Furuncles or boils • Gangrene • putrefaction • Impetigo

  25. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemFungal Skin Infections • Tinea or ringworm • tinea capitis • tinea pedis or athlete’s foot • tinea cruris or jock itch • Dermatomycosis tinea versicolor

  26. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemParasitic Infections • Scabies • Pediculosis (pedicul + lice) • Pediculosis capitis • Pediculosis corporis • Pediculosis pubis

  27. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemSkin Growths • Callus • Cicatrix • Granulation tissue (granul = granular) • Granuloma • Keloid • Keratosis wart or callus • (kerat = hard or horny)

  28. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemSkin Growths • Lipoma • Papilloma (papill = nipple) • Polyp • Rhinophyma (rhino = nose phyma =growth) • Skin Tags

  29. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemSkin Cancer • Actinic keratosis • Basal cell carcinoma • Epithelioma (epitheli = skin) • Malignant melanoma (MM) • Squamous cell carcinoma

  30. Pathology of the Integumentary SystemBurns • Any injury caused by heat, flame, electricity,sun, chemicals or radiation • First degree or superficial • no blisters, little damage to epidermis • Second Degree or partial thickness • blisters, little damage to epidermis • Third Degree or full thickness • damage to epidermis, corium, subcutaneous

  31. Diagnostic ProceduresBiopsy • incisional biopsy • excisional biopsy • needle biopsy • exfoliative cytology

  32. Treatment of the Integumentary System Transdermal • Topical • Transdermal

  33. Treatment of the Integumentary SystemPreventive Measures • Sunscreen

  34. Treatment of the Integumentary SystemTissue Removal • Cauterization • curettage • Chemical peel or chemabrasion • Cryosurgery • Debridement • Dermalabrasion • Incision & drainage • Mole’s chemotherapy

  35. Treatment of the Integumentary SystemLaser Treatments • LASER = light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation • Rhinophyma • Port-wine stain • tattoos • skin cancers

  36. Treatment of the Integumentary SystemCosmetic Procedures • Blepharoplasty lid lift (blepharo = eyelid) • Dermatoplasty skin graft • Lipectomy • Liposuction • Rhytidectomy or face lift • Sclerotherapy

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