Principles of Landscaping

1. Principles of Landscaping

2. Landscaping • The use of plants and inanimate materials to enhance the utility (function) and beauty (aesthetics) of an outdoor area

3. Value of landscaping • Manipulate environmental conditions • Shade, light wind • Increased property value • Exercise, therapeutic • More satisfying living experience • Increased privacy • Refuge for animal life • Control vehicular and pedestrian traffic • Hide unattractive areas • Reduce noise

7. Cost of landscaping • Cost • Quality of plants, materials • Procurement & installation • Age/size of plants • Recurrent costs • Water, chemicals, mulch • Time • Maintenance • Water, fertilizer, pest control, controlling plant growth

9. Landscape design • Surfaces: lawns, patios, terraces • Paths: materials (lawn, ground cover, stone, etc.) • Level changes: steps, slopes, retaining walls • Boundaries: walls, fences, hedges • Structures: garden buildings, pergolas, arches

10. Landscape design • Ornamental plants • Trees, shrubs, climbing plants, ground covers, herbaceous plants (annuals & perennials) • Specimens

11. Landscape design • Garden features • Kitchen garden, herb garden • Water features (pond, flowing water, fountain) • Ornaments & pots

12. Garden styles • Formal (clipped hedges, topiary, Oriental, still water, statuary)

13. Garden styles • Informal (Cottage)

14. Garden styles • Informal (woodland)

15. Garden styles • Themes (color, shape, repetition)

16. Garden styles • Modern (contemporary)

17. Landscape design • Site • Needs • Landscape principles • Plants • Materials/objects

18. Site analysis • soil texture & quality, drainage • utility of existing plants • location of underground and above ground utilities • good and bad views • focal points of interest • negative features of buildings and landscape • window locations • aspects of climate (sun rise/set, sun/shade patterns, wind directions)

19. Site analysis - views

23. Needs Analysis

26. W E

27. Elements of design • Features of plants that create moods • Color • Texture • Form • Line

28. Elements of design – color

29. Color principles • Colors influenced by light intensity • Background color important for effect of foreground plants • Reds, yellows – advance • Blues, greens - recede

32. Elements of design – texture • Leaves • Branches • Mulch

34. Elements of design - form • The 3-D shape of the plant canopy

35. Plant forms

36. Plant forms

37. Elements of design – line • Line is a boundary element • Shape & structure are defined by line

38. Line • Curved lines vs. straight lines

39. Principles of design • Simplicity • Balance • Focalization of interest • Rhythm & line • Scale or proportion

40. Principle of simplicity

41. Principle of balance

42. Balance

43. Balance

44. Balance

45. Focalization of interest

46. Rhythm & line

48. Rhythm & line

49. Scale/proportion

50. Scale/proportion