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Chapter 3 Sections 1 and 2

Chapter 3 Sections 1 and 2. Types of Chemical Reactions. Types of Reactions. Synthesis or Combination Decomposition Combustion. Synthesis. When two or more elements combine to form a single compound Ex: Hydrogen gas reacts/combines with fluorine gas to produce a gas. Chemical Equation:

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Chapter 3 Sections 1 and 2

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  1. Chapter 3 Sections 1 and 2 Types of Chemical Reactions

  2. Types of Reactions • Synthesis or Combination • Decomposition • Combustion

  3. Synthesis • When two or more elements combine to form a single compound • Ex: Hydrogen gas reacts/combines with fluorine gas to produce a gas. • Chemical Equation: • H2(g) + F2(g) → 2 HF(g)

  4. Decomposition • A reaction in which one compound is broken down into two or more simpler substances. • Decomposition of a binary compound: • Water is decomposed using electrical current into its base elements • H2O(l) → H2(g) + O2(g)

  5. Decomposition • Decomposition of a metal carbonate will produce a metal oxide and CO2 gas. • Solid barium carbonate is strongly heated • BaCO3(s) → BaO(s) + CO2(g)

  6. Decomposition • Decomposition of a metal chlorate will produce a metal chloride and O2 gas. • Solid barium carbonate is strongly heated • Ba(ClO3)2 (s) → BaCl2(s) + 3 O2(g)

  7. Decomposition • Decomposition of a hydrogen peroxide will produce H2O and O2 gas. • Decomposition of ammonium carbonate will produce ammonia, water and CO2(g) • Acids decomposed to produce nonmetal oxides and water • H2SO4(aq) → H2O(l) + SO3(g)

  8. Combustion Reactions • When a substance reacts with oxygen • Hydrocarbons and compounds composed of only the elements C,H and O will always produce CO2 and H2O • Combustion of propane • C3H8(g) + 5 O2(g) → 3 CO2(g) + 4 H2O(l)

  9. Quiz Time!

  10. Which of the following is the chemical equation for the following reaction? • The synthesis of magnesium and chlorine gas • A) Mg + 2 Cl → MgCl2 • B) Mg + Cl2→ MgCl2 • C) Mg + 2 Cl → MgCl • D) Mg + 2 Cl → MgCl2

  11. Which of the following is the chemical equation for the following reaction? • The decomposition of magnesium carbonate: • A) MgCO3→ Mg + CO3 • B) MgCO3→ Mg + CO2 • C) MgCO3→ MgO + CO3 • D) MgCO3→ MgO + CO2 • E) MgCO3→ Mg + C + O2

  12. Which of the following is the chemical equation for the following reaction? • The decomposition of Potassium chlorate: • A) KClO3→ K + ClO3 • B) KClO3→ K + Cl2 + O2 • C) KClO3→ KCl + O2 • D) KClO3→ KClO2 + O2 • E) KClO3→ KClO + O2

  13. Which of the following is the chemical equation for the following reaction? • The combustion of butane: • A) C4H8 + O2→ CO2 + H2O • B) C4H10 + O2→ CO2 + H2O • C) C4H12 + O2→ CO2 + H2O • D) C4H12 + O2→ CO2 + H2O • E) C4H8 + O2→ CO2 + H2O

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