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Understanding the Impact of Tropical Cyclones on Meridional Overturning Circulation

This research explores how tropical cyclones influence the meridional overturning circulation through a heat pump mechanism and their effects on El Niño, mixing in the ocean, and circulation patterns. Using a numerical model, the study investigates the changes in net radiation, net heating, and cooling in the ocean, shedding light on the role of tropical cyclones in altering ocean dynamics. Findings suggest a link between cyclones, heat transport, and ocean circulation patterns, contributing insight to climate variability.

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Understanding the Impact of Tropical Cyclones on Meridional Overturning Circulation

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  1. Are Tropical Cyclones Changing the Meridional Overturning Circulation? Gino

  2. Heat Pump for MOC? • Heat Pump for El Nino? • MOC changed by TC?

  3. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? GHG Warming Wind Stress Increase OCEAN MORE MIXING z EQ S N

  4. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Meridional TOA Net Radiation

  5. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? 2 Mechanism for MOC Isopycnal Diapynal

  6. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Net heating at this stage

  7. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Net Mixed Layer Cooling Price 1981

  8. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Mixed at base of Mixed Layer Rightward bias

  9. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Ekman Pumping

  10. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? - SSH: Ekman Pumping Cooling + SSH: Rightward Net Warming

  11. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Heat Content Calculation • Net Cooling (Mixed Layer) • Net Warming (Total Column)

  12. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Result • Net Warming by TC : (Emanuel 01) • Peak Poleward transport : (Macdonald and Wunsch 96)

  13. Heat Pump for MOC? Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? • MOC required mixing (Munk and Wunsch 98)? • TC induced MOC (Emanuel 01)?

  14. Heat Pump for MOC?Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? TC-mixed-parcel Track TC Mixing El Nino 20N EQ EQ Undercurrent PACIFIC OCEAN

  15. Heat Pump for MOC?Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? No TC mixing Full Band TC mixing

  16. Heat Pump for MOC?Heat Pump for El Nino? MOC changed by TC? Preindustrial CO2 Increase CO2 Increase Vertical Diffusivity 8 – 40 N & S Increase CO2 Only

  17. Heat Pump for MOC?Heat Pump for El Nino?MOC changed by TC? Uvic Model (OGCM) • Based on Modular Ocean Model • Initialized with Modern Climatology • No Dynamic Atmosphere • 3000 yr • Control Run: without TC mixing • Exp Run: TC mixing parameterization

  18. Heat Pump for MOC?Heat Pump for El Nino?MOC changed by TC?

  19. Heat Pump for MOC?Heat Pump for El Nino?MOC changed by TC? • Subtropical Overturning Circulation dominates in 10N – 30N upper ocean • TC Mixing effect confined in tropics!

  20. reference • Emanuel 2001 Contribution of tropical cyclones to meridional heat transport by the oceans • Fedorov 2009 Tropical cyclones and permanent El Niño in the early Pliocene epoch • Sriver 2010 Climate response to tropical cyclone-induced ocean mixing in an Earth system model of intermediate complexity

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