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Enhancing 802.11 Wi-Fi: Evaluating Dynamic CCA and Receiver Sensitivity Algorithms

This paper analyzes the effectiveness of dynamic Carrier Sense and Receiver Sensitivity control algorithms in the 802.11 standard, particularly in complex environments like Service Provider Wi-Fi. We discuss the challenges posed by non-ideal deployments, such as overlapping access points (APs) and varied propagation conditions. By simulating different scenarios, we highlight the necessity for robust algorithms that maintain the "it just works" ethos of Wi-Fi. We argue for solutions that can effectively navigate both ideal and challenging network conditions, ensuring reliable performance across diverse environments.

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Enhancing 802.11 Wi-Fi: Evaluating Dynamic CCA and Receiver Sensitivity Algorithms

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  1. Evaluating Dynamic CCA/Receiver Sensitivity Algorithms Authors:

  2. Overview • Situation: • 802.11 “just works”. By virtual of the MAC’s use of physical/virtual carrier sense, back-off and MAC protection, 802.11 can tolerate odd AP deployments and unusual propagation. • The 802.11 MAC is not perfect (hidden nodes, exposed nodes) • In 802.11ax we have many proposals for optimizing CCA thresholds and/or receiver sensitivities Problem: • A poorly chosen dynamic CCA or receiver sensitivity control algorithm may degrade the “it just works” property of 802.11 in important scenarios (for instance, Service Provider Wi-Fi) Solution: • In simulations and presentations, give primary weight to simulation scenarios where dynamic CCA/receiver sensitivity proposals might fail, and secondary weight to simulation scenarios where dynamic CCA/receiver sensitivity proposals are likely to succeed. Accordingly focus on algorithms that are both • As robust as the status quo in non-ideal deployments • More efficient in ideal deployments

  3. Service Provider Wi-Fi Case That Should Be Checked • The Home AP and client are very close. • If they can select a degraded CCA threshold, they can transmit over the top of the SP AP’s transmissions and impair the SP downlink. • If they can select a degraded receiver sensitivity, they can ignore frames (including RTS/CTS) from the SP AP, transmit over the top of the SP AP’s transmissions and impair the SP downlink. • The large coverage of the SP AP overlaps with many home APs (so channel selection cannot help) • Very similar case arises with multiple small Wi-Fi Direct BSSs and a larger infrastructure BSS Multi-tenant office/mall or apartment building Tenant1 Home AP Client Tenant2 Service Provider AP (“Outdoor hotspot”) Client

  4. Summary • It is easy to design dynamic CCA or dynamic receiver sensitivity algorithms that work well in a network of similarly sized / relatively non-overlapping BSSs • To preserve Wi-Fi’s “it just works” property, we need something better – something that works even in overlapping BSSs with very different sizes and geometries • This is not a pipe-dream – such ideas are available

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