INTERVIEWING

1. INTERVIEWING

2. THE OPPORTUNITY • Always Be Ready to Interview • Could Be Casual or Formal • Could Be in a Store or On a Street Corner • Could Be at Work or a Social Affair • Could Be at a Professional or Fun Event • First Impressions Really Count Your Next “Boss/Subordinate” May Be Beside You - At An Unexpected Time Or Place

3. TYPES OF INTERVIEWS Categories • Employment • Appraisal • Counseling • Disciplinary • Persuasive Types • Layered Questions Interview • Series of questions designed to gather information about the “Three Employer Concerns”

4. TYPES OF INTERVIEWS • Performance/Role Play Interview • Candidate role-plays job functions to assess specific skills • Stress Interview • Intended to put candidate under stress and assess reactions • Informal Interview • Intended to get the candidate to reveal more information than they might otherwise

5. TYPES OF INTERVIEWS • Reverse Role Interview • The candidate becomes the interviewer • Assessment Instruments Interview • Various types of techniques are used to determine if candidate is a good fit • Combination Interview • A combination of two or more interviews

6. MODES OF INTERVIEWING • Telephone Screenings • On-Campus Interview • On-Site Interview • Off-Site Interview • Third Party • Facility Visit

7. Planning The Interview • Purpose • Information Gathering • Structure • Possible Questions • Plan physical setting • Anticipate problem

8. CONDUCTING THE INTERVIEW • Opening • Body • Interviewer’s role • Respondent’s role • Closing

9. THREE EMPLOYER CONCERNS • Skill Concerns • Can you do the job? • Personal Characteristics Concerns • Will you do the job? • Will you get along well with others? • Are you manageable? • Money Concerns • Can the company afford you?

10. Before the Interview: • Research • Rehearse • Relax

11. Research: • The workplace-the physical setting • The company • The nature of the business • The company culture and philosophy • The management style • The name(s) of the interviewer(s) • The location and how to get there

12. Rehearse: • The questions the interviewer might ask • The features and benefits you bring • The stories or evidence that prove you can address the employer’s needs • The physical aspects of the interview-your handshake, your body language, your attire

13. During the Interview • Be on time or a few minutes early • Call if you will be detained • Dress appropriately- conservatively for the first meeting • Be professional and courteous with everyone you meet in the office, especially the receptionist • Make a good first impression • Show the interviewer that you are the perfect fit

14. During the Interview • Professional and firm handshake • SMILE • Maintain eye contact • Positive attitude and confidence • Enthusiasm and a good posture • Focus on skills / accomplishments / success stories • Active listening is the key - make sure you understand the reason for the question

15. During the Interview • Ask for clarifications and / or paraphrase the question to make sure you know what the interviewer means • Refrain from criticizing others (including your past employer / workplace • Thank the interviewer and arrange a follow-up

16. After the Interview Review • Assess how you did • What questions you answered well • Which responses need improvement • Fill in interview checklist Relax • Do something pleasurable

17. POST INTERVIEW ACTIONS • Follow-up Communications • Oral and written • Position Acceptance/Rejection • Oral and written • Human Resources Organization • Do not circumnavigate them unless you have prior approval from them

18. ETHICS OF INTERVIEWING • Guidelines for the Interviewer • Don’t make unrealistic promises • Don’t reveal confidential information • Don’t ask illegal question • Don’t be overbearing • Don’t be overfriendly • Guidelines for the respondent • Don’t be dishonest • Don’t waste interviewer’s time

19. GROUP COMMUNICATION & EFFECTIVE MEETING

20. Characteristics of Groups • Groups Range in size from 3 to 15 people. • Members know each other by name or role. • There is a considerable amount of interaction. • Members are interdependent. • Common goals, interests, benefits of membership are shared within the group.

21. ROLES - Group Communication • Effective groups establish cohesiveness and norms. • Roles (Every member plays at least one role). • Task Roles • Information agent: offers facts and asks for input • Elaborator: offers further clarification • Personal Roles • Harmonizer: smoothes over tension in the group • Gatekeeper: controls communication channels • Problem Roles • Blocker: negative and stubbornly resistant behavior • Avoider: displays noninvolvement in the group

22. FACTORS AFFECTING GROUP COMMUNICATION • SIZE • Longevity • Leadership • Self-concept • Status

23. PROCESS • Orientation Stage • Conflict stage • Emergence stage • Reinforcement stage

24. Styles of Decision Making • Authoritarian • Two situations call for this style: • Crisis situations • Lack of group knowledge • There are major disadvantages to this method.

25. Styles of Decision Making • Laissez-Faire Decision Making • Valuable time and resources can be lost. • This group operates without guidance from a designated leader.

26. Styles of Decision making • Participative: • The leader makes decisions with the group. • Benefits are noted from research: • Members are more committed to outcomes. • Quality of decisions is improved. • Limitations revolve around time issues and perceptions of the leader’s expertise.

27. EFFECTIVE MEETINGS

28. ANSWERE THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS • Why • Which • Who • Where • When

29. THINGS TO REMEMBER • Notice • Agenda • Minutes • Opening • Execution • Conclusion • Follow-up

30. Types of Meetings • Informational (or instructional) meeting – formal – informal • Problem - solving and decision - making meetings • Change Facilitating Meetings

31. “The P3 Model” Plan a Meeting

32. Nature Plan Expectations a Effective Effective Agenda Meeting Meeting Meeting Time Extra Resources Plan a Meeting Plan the meeting prior to its assembly using the “N.E.A.T.E.R.” acronym.

33. FOLLOW - UP

34. Making, Organizing and Presenting the Speech

35. Getting Started • What is being requested of me? • Logistics of the event • Where • Travel Plans • Schedule Travel Times • When • Plan on arriving at least 30 minutes early for set up • Are there other speakers? You may need to coordinate. • Equipment Available • LCD, Microphone, Extra Handouts, etc.

36. Remember • Purpose • What is the goal of this speech? • Inform • Change Minds • Academic • Etc.

37. PURPOSE • Informative • Persuasive • Entertaining

38. ANALYZING THE AUDIENCE • Age • Sex • Occupation • Intelligence • Background • Culture

39. Research the Topic and Audience • Grasp the Objective • When requested to speak, be sure to make sure that your understanding of the topic is THEIR understanding of the topic. • Research the topic thoroughly. This helps prepare for questions. • Interview the inviter if necessary

40. Research the Topic and Audience • Know the audience • Formal – (First Impressions Count!) • Informal • Students • Audit Committee • Understand the Type of Speech • Persuasive, Informative, Demonstrative, Commemorative(remember), Other

41. Methods of Speaking • Using Manuscript • Memory • Impromptu • Extemporaneous

42. Organizing Structures • The Introduction • The Body • Chronological pattern • Spatial Pattern • Causal order • Topical pattern • The conclusion

43. Draft the Presentation • Outline the Major Points • Introduction (Tell them what you are going to say) • Body (Tell them) • Conclusion (Tell them what you told them) • Build in the Detail within each major point • Make the presentation appropriate for the audience • Once “completed”, set it down for 48 hours, then revisit. • Have someone else review it if appropriate.

45. Present • Dress Appropriately • Use the restroom immediately before presenting • Make sure you are healthy. Postpone if you are ill (if possible). • Make sure your language is appropriate • Start with a story or an appropriate joke. This draws in the audience.

46. Present (Continued) • Expect to be a bit nervous • Be sure to meet with the meeting’s “chairman” so they know you are there. • Check to make sure equipment works and is available • Have paper copies as a backup

47. Present (Continued) • If you make a mistake, laugh at yourself, make the correction, then move forward. • Avoid jargon. • Avoid overuse of acronyms. • Interject interesting information to “keep” your audience • Money • Anecdotal Stories • Take off your watch, but place it where you can see it. Watch your time.

48. Present (Continued) • Address your audience, not your shoes or the slides. • Speak clearly and slowly and with appropriate volume • Note : If a Microphone is provided, use it. Sometimes presentations are recorded or off-site people will not be able to hear unless you speak through the microphone. • End conclusively!

49. Persuasive Speech • Problem – solution order • Motivated Sequence • Deductive and inductive structures

50. How To make Speech effective • Supporting Idea • Illustration • Statistics • Expert Testimony • Analogies • Anecdotes (real life characters), Fables (animals), Parables(fictitious stories)