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Marine Studies

Marine Studies. Classification of Organisms. Taxonomy . The science of naming and classifying organisms. Helps Biologists study living things. Carl Linnaeus. Swedish Biologist Came up with the classification system in the 1750s Uses Latin

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Marine Studies

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  1. Marine Studies Classification of Organisms

  2. Taxonomy • The science of naming and classifying organisms. • Helps Biologists study living things.

  3. Carl Linnaeus • Swedish Biologist • Came up with the classification system in the 1750s • Uses Latin • Came up with binomial nomenclature (two-word system for naming organisms)

  4. Scientific Names are Universal • A plant or animal can be called different names in different places. These are called “common names” Ex: Mountain Lion = puma = cougar • The scientific name is the same: Puma concolor

  5. Kingdom • 5 kingdoms • Plantae • Animalia • Fungi • Monera • Protista

  6. Order of Classification • Kingdom • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species

  7. Human example • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Mammalia • Order: Primata • Family: Hominidae • Genus: Homo • Species: sapien

  8. A scientific name is always written as Genus and species • Genus is capitalized, species is not. • It is underlined or italicized

  9. Dog example • Kingdom: Animalia • Phylum: Chordata • Class: Mammalia • Order: Carnivora • Family: Canidae • Genus: Canus • Species: familiaris

  10. Dog family • Dog: Canis familiaris • Wolf: Canis lupis • Coyote: Canis lantrans

  11. Great White Shark example Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata (has a backbone) Class: Chondrychthys Order: Lamniformes Family:Lamnidae Genus: Carcharodon Species: carcharias

  12. Common Starfish Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Echinodermata Class: Asteroidia Order: Forcipulatida Family: Asteriidae Genus: Asterias Species: rubens

  13. What exactly is a species? • Organisms that breed with each other in the wild and produce fertile offspring are called species. • Some animals can mate, a horse and a donkey, but their offspring, the mule is infertile

  14. Other animals could mate (like a Lion and a Tiger), but do not do this in nature due to geographic isolation and preference. They are not the same species. • Some species have groups that live in different places so we say they are subspecies and they have 3 names.

  15. Ex: Western RattlesnakeCrotalus viridis • There are five different kinds of Western Rattlesnakes that can breed with each other, but live in different areas and have different markings. The kind that we have is a subspecies: the Southern Pacific Rattlesnake: Crotalus viridis helleri

  16. Classification tells us how closely related different species are (or not).

  17. Here are the ten families ofthe Order Carnivora: Canidae (dogs, wolves, jackals, and foxes), Ursidae (bears), Procyonidae (raccoons), Mustelidae (skunks,weasels, badgers, and otters), Viverridae (civets and mongooses), Hyaenidae (hyenas), Felidae (cats), Otariidae (eared seals), Odobenidae (walrus), and Phocidae (earless seals).

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