Grammar

1. Grammar 现在分词

2. 1. This is an amazing achievement. 2. The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment. 3. This damage is frightening. 4. We all found his argument convincing and interesting. 5. They stood talking to each other.

3. 定语 表语 宾语补足语 状语 现在分词

4. 现在分词的时态和语态 V-ing being done having done having been done 完成式

5. 现在分词的用法

6. The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. This is an amazing achievement. 3.The wallet lying on the desk is mine. 4. The boy standing under the tree. Revision 1.作定语 总结：现在分词作定语时，单个词放在被修饰词 的前边；现在分词短语则必须置于其后.

7. 现在分词短语作定语，应放在所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句。现在分词短语作定语，应放在所修饰的名词后，相当于一个定语从句。 1. They are visitors coming from several countries. =who come from several countries. 2. Three days later，I received a letter offering me the job. =which offered me the job. 3. The girl standing there __________________ is my classmate. =who stands there

8. 1. Everybody says he is a _____ boy. A. promised B. promising C. to promise D. promise 2. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ______. A. 20 dollars remained            B. 20 dollars to remain C. remained 20 dollars            D. remaining 20 dollars Practice

9. 3. Look over there--there’s a very long, winding path _____ up to the house. (2011山东) A. leading    B. leads                C. led            D. to lead 4.It’s pleasure to watch the face of a ____ baby. A. asleep B. sleep C. sleeping D. slept

10. 1. Football seems excitingto most of the boys. 2. The volleyball match was exciting. 3. The story ismoving. 4. His voice isfrightening. 5. The situation is encouraging. Revision 2.作表语 现在分词在句子中作表语表示主语所具有的特征。常位于 (be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词)之后。

11. interesting 使人感到高兴 — interested感到高 兴的 exciting令人激动的— excited感到激动的 delighting令人高兴的— delighted感到高兴的 disappointing令人失望的— disappointed感到 失的 encouraging 令人鼓舞的— encouraged感到 鼓舞的 pleasing令人愉快的— pleased感到愉快的 puzzling令人费解的— puzzled感到费解的 satisfying令人满意的— satisfied感到满意的 surprising令人惊异的— surpsried感到惊异的 worring令人担心的—worrred感到担心的

12. Practice 1. --- What do you think of the book? --- Oh, excellent. It's worth ______ a second time. A. to read B. to be read C. reading D. being read

13. 1.I heard the girl singingin the classroom. 2.I noticed a long queue outside the bank waiting for it to open. 3.Can you smell somethingburning? 4. We can see a boysingingin the picture . Revision 3. 作宾语补足语

14. 现在分词作宾语补足语的用法 Wecan seea boysingingin the picture. 宾补 主语 谓语 宾语 总结：宾语与补足语之间构成主动关系时，宾补用现在分词，若构成被动关系则用过去分词。

15. Practice 1. Listen! Do you hear someone for help? （2010湖南） • A. calling B. call • C. to call D. called 2.Soon they could see the steam _________ from the wet clothes. A. rise B. rising  C. risen D. be rising

16. 3.The missing boys were last seen ________ near the river. (NMET 1994) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play

17. 1.They stood talking to each other. 2. Working hard,you will succeed. 3. His friend died,getting him a lot of money. Revision 3. 作状语

18. 现在分词作状语的用法 现在分词在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作目的地状语（通常用不定式表目的地状语）。

19. 1.Walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine. (=When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.) 1）表时间状语 2. While waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily. (=While he was waiting for the bus, he read a copy of China Daily.)

20. 2) 1. Being ill, he didn’t go to school. (=as he was ill, he didn’t go to school.) 表原因状语 2. Being a student, you should study hard. (=Since you are a student, you should study hard.） 3. Thinking he might be at home, I called him. (As I thought he might be at home, I called him.)

21. [高考真题] D He had a wonderful childhood, _____ with his mother to all corners of the world.（2010安徽） A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling 解析：主语（he）与动词travel之间存在主动关系，故用traveling作原因状语。答案选D。

22. 3)表方式、伴随情况的状语 ：作伴随状语的分词表示的动作，必须是主语的一个 动作，或是与谓语所表示地动作（或状态）同时发生，或是对谓语表示的动词（或状态）作进一步地补充说明。 Eg. He sat on the sofa, watching TV. (=He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.)

23. 他们笑着谈着走进了教室。(laugh, talk) Laughing and talking __________________ , they went into the classroom. 他斜靠着墙站着。 (lean) He stood leaning against the wall. (＝He stood and leaned against the wall.)

24. Eg. Her mother died in 1990, leaving her with her younger brother. (=Her mother died in 1990, and left her with her younger brother.) 4) 表结果 Eg.全国到处在传唱这首歌曲，使它成了一首最受 欢迎的 歌曲。 The song is sung all over the country,________________________________. making it the most popular song

25. [高考真题] 1. It rained heavily in the south, _____ serious flooding in several provinces. （2010天津） A. caused B. having caused C. causing D. to cause 解析：空格后serious flooding是rained heavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语。答案选C。 C

26. 2. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, ________the students to return to their classrooms. （2010江苏） A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled 解析：enabling 表示他在捐献后的结果。选A。 A

27. 5)表条件 ①Using your head, you will find a way. (=If you use your head, you will find a way.) 一直往前走，你就会看到一座白色地房子。 ______________, you will see a white house. Walking ahead

28. [高考真题] Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, on you feet. (2011北京) A. to keep B. keeping C. having kept D. to have kept 解析：用现在分词表示一种条件，keep的动作是You发出的，二者之间没有动作的先后，所以不能用having kept。 B

29. (6)与逻辑主语构成独立主格： ①I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my heard． ②All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. ③Time permitting, we'll do another two exercises.

30. 独立主格结构的构成 名词/代词+doing The girl staring at him, he didn’t know what to say. 2. 名词/代词+done The problem solved, the quality has been improved. 3. 名词/代词+to do Some old parts to help, he is going to make a model plane. 4. 名词/代词+adj So many people absent, the meeting had to be called off. 5. 名词/代词+dav The meeting over, they all went home. 6. 名词/代词+介词短语 The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand.

31. He wrote five novels, two of translated into English. A. it B. them C. which D. that 2. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished 3. Not far from the club there was a garden, owner seated in it playing bridge with his children every afternoon. A. whose B. its C. which D. that

32. （7） 有时也可用with (without) +名词/代词 +分词形式（with复合结构） With the lights burning, he fell asleep. (8)作独立成分： generally speaking一般来说　 Judging from/by由……判断出 Judging from(by) his appearance, he must be an actor. Generally speaking, I don’t like the way he speaks.

33. Practice: • They set out ____ for the ____ boy. • searching; losing B. searching; lost • C. to search; lost D. searched; losing • (2) The student sat there, ____ what to do. • doesn’t knowing B. didn’t knowing • C. not know D. not knowing B D 现在分词的否定式是在一般式和完成式的前面加 not (never)

34. (3)He sat there _____ , with his head on his hand. • and think B. thinking • C. thought D. being thought • (4) The ____ Prime Minister expressed his satisfaction with his talks, ___ that he had enjoyed his stay here. • visiting; add B. visited; adding • C. visiting; adding D. visited; added B C

35. 高考链接 • 1.The secretary worked late into the night, _____a long speech for the president. • To prepare B. preparing • C. prepared D. was preparing • 2.European foot ball is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world. • Making B. makes C. made D. to make B 现在分词作伴随状语 A 现在分词表结果状语

36. A 3. “Can’t you read?” Mary said _______ to the notice. (MET93) A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily point D. and angrily pointing 现在分词作伴随状语

37. 4. ____ a reply, he decided to write again. • Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received • 5.______ his telephone number, she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill. • Not knowing B. knowing not • C. Not having known D. Having not known C 作原因状语 A 现在分词作原因状语，分词结构中否定词通常放在现在分词前面。

38. Practice • —Where is my passport? I remember • _____ it here.—You shouldn’t have left it here. Remember _____ it with you all the time. • A. to put; to takeB. putting; taking • C. putting; to takeD. to put; taking C

39. 2. After finishing his homework he went on _______ a letter to his parents. A. writeB. writing C. wroteD. to write D B 3. _____ is a good kind of exercise for both the young and the old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk

40. 4. I really appreciate _______ to relax with you on this nice island. A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to have time B 5. In some parts of London, missing a bus means ______ for another hour A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting A

41. 6. Alice returned from the manager’s office ____ me that the boss wanted to see me at once. A. having told B. tells C. to tell D. telling D 7. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, ______ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran B

42. 8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked B 9. My cousin came to see me from the country, ______ me a full basket of fresh fruits. A. bought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought B

43. 10. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ______ the same thing. A. saying B. said C. to say D. having said A