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Ecology

Ecology. is the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment. Levels of Organizaion in Ecology. atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, and ecosystem

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Ecology

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  1. Ecology is the study of the relationships between organisms and their environment

  2. Levels of Organizaion in Ecology • atom, molecule, organelle, cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism, population, community, and ecosystem • Population- a group of interbreeding individuals of the same type living in the same place at the same time. • Community- the populations of animals and plants that live within a specific region under similar environmental conditions. • Ecosystem- a biotic community and its surroundings

  3. What is an Ecosystem • An ecosystem is a community interacting with its environment through a one-way flow of energy and the cycling of materials. • Example • Pond • Lake • Desert • Forest

  4. What is a biome • the largest ecological regions distinguishable by characteristic plants and animals. • What are the different biomes of the world? • tundra, conifer, deciduous forest, grassland, tropical, and desert.

  5. What is symbiosis • Symbiosis is an ecological interaction between organisms • Predation: one organism preying on another • Parasitism: one organism benefits while the other is harmed • Commensalism: one organism benefits while the other is neither harmed nor benefits • Mutualism: both organisms benefit.

  6. What is an abiotic/biotic factor?  • An abiotic factor is a nonliving factor within an ecosystem. • A biotic factor is a living factor within an ecosystem.

  7. Where does the food we eat get its energy?  • Why do we eat food?  • Does the food we eat also need energy? • Example: turkey sandwich • bread: Sun  grains   student; • turkey: Sun   grains   turkey  student

  8. How is a food web different than a food chain? • A food web is many interconnecting food chains, representing the fact that most organisms eat more than one thing.

  9. In a Food Web why does the arrow point away from the organism that is being eaten? • Because the arrow shows the transfer of energy. The animal that is being eaten transfers some energy to the animal that eats it.

  10. What is the importance of microorganisms within ecosystems? • they help cycle nutrients from dead/decaying matter into living organisms. • What are the effects on an ecological system if most of the producers die? • many of the primary consumers will not be able to get enough food so they will either move to another location or die. Then, the same will happen to any secondary and tertiary consumers.

  11. What are the effects on an ecological system if many secondary consumers die? • after a short amount of time, the primary consumers will increase in number because they are preyed on less. This, in turn, may result in lower numbers of producers because there are more primary consumers eating them. Finally, the number of tertiary consumers may decrease slightly because their prey opportunities are lessened.

  12. What are the effects on an ecological system if a large number of new producers are introduced to the system?  • after a short amount of time, all of the consumers (primary, secondary, and tertiary) should increase. The primary consumers have more food and should be able to reproduce well, giving secondary consumers and tertiary consumers more prey to feed upon.

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